Public awareness about glaucoma, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Morya, Roaa E; Alamoudi, Anas; Ghaddaf, Abdullah A.; Taher, Nada; Almansour, Abdullah; Alnahdi, Wejdan; Alghamdi, Saeed

doi:10.1007/s10792-023-02757-4

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted to assess public awareness about ocular diseases in Saudi Arabia found that 57.63% of the Saudi population had never heard the term ‘glaucoma’; a higher percentage than our patients’ level of awareness but lower than that of the first-degree relatives in our study. 20 In China, 59.14% of primary glaucoma patients were aware of the term ‘glaucoma’, comparable to our patients’ awareness level. 21 Another study conducted in Saudi Arabia showed that 70% of patients visiting the screening clinics of Jeddah Eye Hospital were aware about glaucoma, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

AlQahtani,

Al Zahrani,

Ahmad

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose Glaucoma, a disease characterized by optic nerve damage and associated visual field defects, is the main cause of irreversible loss of vision, both globally and locally. Appropriate management of glaucoma involves early diagnosis in addition to early and continuous control of the disease to protect the optic nerve from further damage. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among patients making their first visit to the glaucoma clinics, at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, and their first-degree relatives. Methods This cross-sectional study used self-administered questionnaires. Informed consent was obtained prior to questionnaire distribution. The questionnaire included four sections on sociodemographic data, and awareness, and KAP towards glaucoma. Results Overall, 120 participants were included in our study: 70 (58.3%) were glaucoma patients and 50 (41.7%) were first-degree relatives. Forty-four (62.9%) participants in the patient group and 39 (78%) in the relative group were men. Thirty-four (48.6%) patients were aged 41–65 years, whereas 41 (82%) relatives were aged 18–40 years. Thirty-six patients (52.2%) and 35 relatives (70%) had heard of the term ‘glaucoma’. The correct definition of glaucoma was selected by only 12 participants (17.1%) in the patient group and 4 (8.2%) in the relative group. Living outside the central region of Saudi Arabia and having a negative systemic medical history were associated with poorer knowledge of glaucoma definition (p < 0.05). Although 84.8% of patients believed that compliance with anti-glaucoma medications helps in disease control, only 22.7% reported good compliance. The correct method of instilling eye drops was stated by 43.9% of the patients, and good hospital visit habits were reported by 53.03%. Eighty percent of glaucoma patients strongly recommended that their first-degree relatives be screened for glaucoma. Conclusion Knowledge about glaucoma is still limited, and awareness programs need to be further activated to spread correct knowledge about the nature of glaucoma, the importance of compliance with treatment, the correct method of instilling eye drops, and the significance of screening at-risk individuals. Patient families should also be involved in educational programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

AlQahtani,

Al Zahrani,

Ahmad

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Evaluation of the effect of full-process blood glucose management on T2DM cataract patients based on visual electrophysiology and OCTA

Tang,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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To investigate the difference in preoperative retinal function in patients with type 2 diabetes cataract (DC) without obvious retinopathy and to explore the clinical application of full blood glucose management for improving the postoperative vision in DC patients. This was a retrospective analysis in which we estimated the changes in visual electrophysiology (N75, P100, photopic flash electroretinogram(FERG), and scotopic FERG, paraoptic retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL) and paraoptic radial capillary network blood flow density (ppVD) of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients at different phases of disease progression along with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbAlC) levels before and after DC surgery at Ziyang Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. Additionally, trends in the above data throughout the entire process of glucose management intervention were examined. As the course of T2DM progressed, FBG and HbA1c increased, the N75 and P100 latency periods of patients gradually increased, and the values of photopic FERG, scotopic FERG, pRNFL, and ppVD gradually decreased at each postoperative time point. Moreover, the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) of patients after surgery gradually decreased ( P < 0.05). The BCVA of Group B (with full process blood glucose management) gradually stabilized at 1 month after surgery, and the BCVA of Group B was better than that of Group A at all time points after surgery. The results revealed that N75 and P100 in Group A were greater than those in Group B, whereas the photopic and scotopic FERG, pRNFL, and ppVD (%) values in Group A were lower than those in Group B. In addition, N75 and P100 in Group A gradually increased at various time points after surgery, whereas the photopic FERG, scotopic FERG, pRNFL, and ppVD (%) values gradually decreased. In the state of full blood glucose management, although N75 and P100 both reached their longest durations at one week after surgery, N75, the P100, photopic FERG, scotopic FERG, and pRNFL showed a gradually decreasing trend at 1 month and 3 months after surgery, whereas ppVD (%) gradually increased ( P < 0.05). According to the results of the quantitative analysis of visual electrophysiology and OCTA, with the aggravation of diabetes, the retinal function of DC patients without obvious retinopathy tends to decrease, but full-process blood glucose management can effectively recover the retinal function of DC patients and improve visual quality after surgery.

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Effects of multiples hormones on intraocular pressure: A narrative review

Alkhaldi,

Jamjoom,

Alessa

et al. 2025

Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research

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This research examines the effects of hormones on intraocular pressure (IOP), focusing specifically on estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, oxytocin, thyroid hormones, melatonin, aldosterone, dopamine, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). The literature indicated that GH, IGF-1, progesterone, melatonin, testosterone, oxytocin, and estrogen were associated with reduced IOP. However, the impact of estrogen on IOP may vary depending on the type (endogenous or exogenous estrogen), the stage of a woman’s life (premenopausal or postmenopausal), and the mode of administration (oral or nonoral). Although testosterone was found to reduce IOP, a significant association between high IOP and testosterone was found in female-to-male transgender individuals. The impact of dopamine on IOP also varied depending on the dopamine receptors. The study was conducted based on a literature review obtained from Google Scholar spanning from 1980 to 2023. All selected literature directly or indirectly explored the relationship between hormones and IOP in animals or humans.

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Public awareness about glaucoma, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of the effect of full-process blood glucose management on T2DM cataract patients based on visual electrophysiology and OCTA

Effects of multiples hormones on intraocular pressure: A narrative review

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