Public health threat with consumption of unpasteurized milk: Systematic review

Abstract

Unpasteurized milk consumption is common throughout the globe, despite the negative consequence for consumer health. This review paper identified public health risks resulting from unpasteurized milk. Several keywords were used to search online, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and academic publications. Significant data were rigorously extracted and reported as per the PRISMA statement guideline. Individuals' risk from consuming raw milk was examined in 15 studies. According to a laboratory investigation report, raw milk contained several parasites and harmful bacteria in unpasteurized milk. These include campylobacteriosis, brucellosis, Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, salmonellosis, E. coli 0157, and other hazardous poisons like Aflatoxin M1. People are exposed to pathogenic microorganisms, parasites, and other dangerous toxic agents while consuming raw milk. Therefore, ensuring the safety and quality of raw milk through implementing hazard-critical control points during production and distribution is mandatory in the dairy industry to safeguard general public health.

Public health threat with consumption of unpasteurized milk: Systematic review

“…Raw milk is the most known for perishability and cause serious disease for consumers unless keep and follow safety protocol, which is recommended by the world health organization including; Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and other quality cheek parameters to control against physical, chemical and biological hazard [7,20,22]. Implementing adequate control strategies assures quality and safe milk production through pasteurization and "Test Hold" programs [6,14].…”

“…As evidence suggested that, milk borne disease mainly caused by consuming unprocessed milk [4,[16][17][18][19]19]. Ideally, ordinary people believed that drinking milk as a raw condition saved nutritional value, which overlooking its safety and hygienic condition [20][21][22][23]. Studies showed that young and elders, pregnant women, and chronic and complicated health illness individuals are highly risk groups for zoonotic disease [1,3,19,24], this was con rmed that their level of immunity systems and other dietary pattern.…”