Publish and Perish? An Assessment of Gender Gaps in Promotion to Tenure in Academia

Weisshaar, Katherine

doi:10.1093/sf/sox052

Cited by 187 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the two studies do not consider variables related to productivity. Productivity is considered by Weisshaar (2017): the author conducted a study across a sample of academics in Computer Science, English and Sociology in the US, and shows that neither productivity, nor organisational characteristics (department size, ranking, number of women faculty) explain the gender gap in tenure. Van den Brink and Benschop (2014) try to dig in-depth into the processes that hinder women to be promoted to professor in the Netherlands.…”

Section: Women In Academia: An Uneasy Career Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

Marini

Meschitti

2018

Scientometrics

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In this paper we aim to understand if gender makes a difference in the path to promotion to full professor in Italian universities, drawing on data from 2013 to 2016. The new promotion system pursuant Gelmini Law (210/2010) in Italy implies to go through two steps. First, they have to obtain the national ASN system (fit-for-the-role national filter), based on merit measured via bibliometric and non-bibliometric indicators. This step does not mean to get a position, it only means to be able to apply for it at institutional level. We believe that discrimination based on gender may happen especially at institutional level as in comparison to ASN there is less transparency and more autonomy at institutional level. It is also hypothesised that discrimination based on gender may differ according to the percentage of women already at full professor rank by disciplinary field. We investigate gender inequality using a binary variable (promoted or not promoted along 2013 until 2016) controlling by scientific productivity, normalised number of available vacancies, result of national research evaluation (VQRdepartment of candidate's affiliation), age, current rank-and-file position. Multilevel logistic regression demonstrates that among those who obtained the ASN and at parity of other conditions, men have around 24% more probability to be promoted at parity of scientific production, which reveals a relevant gender discrimination. Our findings have implications on theory about inequality regimes and might serve to reflect on how to improve practices at institutional level.

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Section: Women In Academia: An Uneasy Career Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

Marini

Meschitti

2018

Scientometrics

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“…Not only does higher productivity lead to more papers for scholars to self-cite; more productive scholars also generate more highly cited papers (Symonds et al 2006). Gender differences in publication productivity vary depending on measures used, field, controls included, and time period studied (Bentley and Adamson 2004;Kyvik and Teigen 1996;Weisshaar forthcoming;Xie and Shauman 1998). Others find that this gender gap shrinks over the career trajectory (Long 1992) and that it has largely disappeared or reversed in more recent cohorts, with women publishing more than men (van Arensbergen et al 2012;Xie and Shauman 1998).…”

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-citation across Fields and over Time

King

Bergstrom

Correll

et al. 2017

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

310

225

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How common is self-citation in scholarly publication, and does the practice vary by gender? Using novel methods and a data set of 1.5 million research papers in the scholarly database JSTOR published between 1779 and 2011, the authors find that nearly 10 percent of references are self-citations by a paper's authors. The findings also show that between 1779 and 2011, men cited their own papers 56 percent more than did women. In the last two decades of data, men self-cited 70 percent more than women. Women are also more than 10 percentage points more likely than men to not cite their own previous work at all. While these patterns could result from differences in the number of papers that men and women authors have published rather than gender-specific patterns of self-citation behavior, this gender gap in self-citation rates has remained stable over the last 50 years, despite increased representation of women in academia. The authors break down self-citation patterns by academic field and number of authors and comment on potential mechanisms behind these observations. These findings have important implications for scholarly visibility and cumulative advantage in academic careers.

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“…Most male academics spend the bulk of their time either in leadership roles, working in labs, conducting research, or publishing scholarly articles. However, it is the number of publications and their visibility that are the greatest markers of success and primary indicator of mobility within the academy (Weisshaar 2017;Winslow 2010;Misra 2012;Henley 2015).…”

Section: The Gendered Gully Of Servicementioning

confidence: 99%

Women Faculty's Perceptions of Departmental Belonging Across Academic Disciplines

Olarsch¹

2018

Preprint

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Women’s growing numerical representation in gender atypical careers, including the professoriate, has not necessarily meant that they are being accepted, included and integrated in these traditionally male-dominated spaces. This study explores female faculty members’ feelings of isolation within their department across academic disciplines. Drawing on the theory of tokenism, I hypothesize that women faculty members in STEM disciplines, which have been historically male-dominated, are more likely to express a lesser sense of belonging in their department, than women faculty members in the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities. I analyzed data from a 2009 online survey administered to tenure-track and tenured faculty at two highly selective liberal arts colleges. After restricting my analysis to women, I controlled for women’s familial responsibilities as well as their position within the academic institution. Unlike previous research at universities, OLS regression analysis showed that women in STEM actually expressed a higher level of fitting in their department than those in other disciplines. Examining the two colleges separately revealed that this result only applied to women at the former men’s college, which had a long history of strong STEM departments. For women faculty at the former women’s college, whose historic strengths were in the Arts and Humanities rather than STEM, there was no statistically significant relationship between being in STEM and fitting in their department. Instead, women who indicated that they were married at the former women’s college expressed greater feelings of belonging than their unmarried female counterparts.

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Publish and Perish? An Assessment of Gender Gaps in Promotion to Tenure in Academia

Cited by 187 publications

References 30 publications

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

The trench warfare of gender discrimination: evidence from academic promotions to full professor in Italy

Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-citation across Fields and over Time

Women Faculty's Perceptions of Departmental Belonging Across Academic Disciplines

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