PUFF: A high-resolution volcanic ash tracking model

Searcy, Cheryl; Dean, Kenneth; Stringer, W. J.

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(97)00037-1

Cited by 164 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The transport of ash has been simulated in dispersion models (e.g. PUFF) with prescribed meteorological fields (Searcy et al, 1998;Fero et al, 2008). Folch et al (2008) coupled an ash dispersion model to the Weather research and Forecasting model (WRF), allowing also to forecast the dispersion of ash.…”

Section: U Niemeier Et Al: Initial Fate Of Fine Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcanic eruptions

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Large volcanic eruptions emit huge amounts of sulfur and fine ash into the stratosphere. These products cause an impact on radiative processes, temperature and wind patterns. In simulations with a General Circulation Model including detailed aerosol microphysics, the relation between the impact of sulfur and fine ash is determined for different eruption strengths and locations, one in the tropics and one in high Northern latitudes. Fine ash with effective radii between 1 µm and 15 µm has a lifetime of several days only. Nevertheless, the strong absorption of shortwave and long-wave radiation causes additional heating and cooling of ±20K/day and impacts the evolution of the volcanic cloud. Depending on the location of the volcanic eruption, transport direction changes due to the presence of fine ash, vortices develop and temperature anomalies at ground increase. The results show substantial impact on the local scale but only minor impact on the evolution of sulfate in the stratosphere in the month after the simulated eruptions.

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Section: U Niemeier Et Al: Initial Fate Of Fine Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcanic eruptions

et al. 2009

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“…These models include analytical solutions, used widely for investigations of particle sedimentation and for hazard assessments (e.g., Armienti et al, 1988;Bonadonna et al, 2005a;Bursik et al, 1992a and b;Connor et al, 2001;Connor and Connor, 2006;Glaze and Self, 1991;Hurst and Turner, 1999;Koyaguchi and Ohno, 2001a;Macedonio et al, 2005;Suzuki, 1983), and numerical models for real-time forecast of plume evolution and sedimentation (e.g., Costa et al, 2006;Searcy et al 1998). Both types have been validated with field data and are now used regularly for both these purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

Brown

Bonadonna

Durant

2012

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C

237

298

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. (2012) 'A review of volcanic ash aggregation.', Physics and chemistry of the earth, parts A/B/C., 45-46 . pp. 65-78. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce. 2011.11.001 Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractMost volcanic ash particles with diameters < 63 µm settle from eruption clouds as particle aggregates that cumulatively have larger sizes, lower densities, and higher terminal fall velocities than individual constituent particles. Particle aggregation reduces the atmospheric residence time of fine ash, which results in a proportional increase in fine ash fallout within 10s km to 100s km from the volcano and a reduction in airborne fine ash mass concentrations 1000s km from the volcano. Aggregate characteristics vary with distance from the volcano: proximal aggregates are typically larger (up to cm size) with concentric structures, while distal aggregates are typically smaller (sub-millimetre size). Particles comprising ash aggregates are bound through hydro-bonds (liquid and ice water) and electrostatic forces, and the rate of particle aggregation correlates with cloud liquid water availability. Eruption source parameters (including initial particle size distribution, erupted mass, eruption column height, cloud water content and temperature) and the eruption plume temperature lapse rate, coupled with the environmental parameters, determines the type and spatiotemporal distribution of aggregates. Field studies, lab experiments and modelling investigations have already provided important insights on the process of particle aggregation. However, new integrated observations that combine remote sensing studies of 2 ash clouds with field measurement and sampling, and lab experiments are required to fill current gaps in knowledge surrounding the theory of ash aggregate formation. Abstract word count: 222

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“…Whenever there is an on-going eruption, the regional VAAC makes use of direct observations by pilots, satellite imagery, and modeling, to issue warning bulletins and to forecast the short-term evolution of the cloud. Dispersion models used by VAACs run at a regional scale and use both Lagrangian, like HYSPLIT (Draxler and Hess, 1998), NAME (Ryall and Mayron, 1998) or PUFF (Searcy et al, 1998), and Eulerian approaches, like CANERM (D'Amours, 1998) or MEDIA (Sandu et al, 2003). One advantage of Lagrangian particle tracking models is their capacity to predict an approximate ash cloud trajectory with low computational effort, a key aspect during emergency situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic ash forecast – application to the May 2008 Chaitén eruption

Folch

Jorba

Viramonte

2008

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.We model the transport and subsequent deposition of ash from Chaitén volcano, Chile, during the first week of May 2008. The simulation couples the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model with the FALL3D dispersion model. We only use semi-quantitative volcanological inputs based on the first eruption reports. We consider two different run types based on forecasted and hindcasted meteorological conditions. The first simulation type can be regarded as a syn-eruptive operational forecast for the 2-8 May period. We predict the evolution of the ash cloud position, the concentration of ash on air, the expected deposit thickness, and the ash accumulation rates at different localities. The comparison of model results with observed cloud arrival times and satellite images shows the goodness of the combined WRF+FALL3D forecast system and points out the feasibility of combining these two models for shortterm forecast of volcanic clouds and ash fallout.

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PUFF: A high-resolution volcanic ash tracking model

Cited by 164 publications

References 13 publications

Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcanic eruptions

Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcanic eruptions

A review of volcanic ash aggregation

Volcanic ash forecast – application to the May 2008 Chaitén eruption

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