Purification and Characterization of Indian Cassava Mosaic Virus

Abstract

The Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) was transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tahaci and sap inoculation. ICMV was purified from cassava and from systemically infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Geminate particles of 16-18 X 30 nm in size were observed by electron microscopy. The particles contained a single major protein of an estimated molecular weight of 34,000. Specific antiserum trapped geminate particles from the extracts of infected cassava and N. benthamtana plants in ISEM test. The virus was detected in crude extracts of infected cassava, ceara rubber, TV. benthamiana and N. tabacum cv. Jayasri plants by ELISA. ICMV appeared serologically related to the gemini viruses of Acalypha yellow mosaic, bhendi yellow vein mosaic, Croton yellow vein mosaic, Dolichos yellow mosaic, horsegram yellow mosaic, Malvastrum yellow vein mosaic and tobacco leaf curl. Zusammenfassung Reinigung und Charakterisation des Indian cassava mosaic virusUbertragen wird das Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) durch die Weifie Fliege {Bemisia tabaci) und durch Pflanzensaftinokulationen. ICMV wurde aus Cassava und systemisch infizierten Nicotiana benthamiana-Bl'ittern gereinigt. Im Elektronenmikroskop wurden 16-18 X 30 nm grofie geminate Partikeln beobachtet. Die Partikeln beinhielten ein Hauptprotein mit einem geschatzten Molekulargewicht von 34 000. Mit einem spezifischen Antiserum wurden die gemmaten Partikeln aus mfizierten Cassavablatt-und N. benthamiana-Vilz.m.tne.xirzkxfn in einem ISEM-Test zuriickgehalten. Das Virus wurde in ungereinigten Extrakten von infizierten Cassava-, Ceara-Cummi-, N. benthamiana-und N. tabacum cv. Jayasri-Pflanzen durch ELISA ermittelt. ICMV scheint mit den U.S. Copyright Clearance Center Code Statement: 0931 "1 785/92/3504-0299$02.50/0 300 . MATHEW and MUNIYAPPA Geminiviren des Acalypha yellow mosaic, bhendi yellow vein mosaic, Groton yellow vein mosaic, Dolichos yellow mosaic, horsegram yellow mosaic, Malvastrum yellow vein mosaic und tobacco leaf curl serologisch verwandt zu sem.

Characterisation of Sri Lankan Cassava Mosaic Virus and Indian Cassava Mosaic Virus: Evidence for Acquisition of a DNA B Component by a Monopartite Begomovirus

“…The infected plant developed systemic symptoms of downward curling of the upper leaves 2-3 weeks after inoculation, resulting in slight stunting of the plant. These symptoms resemble those reported for an isolate of ICMV from southern India (Mathew and Muniyappa, 1992). The virus was also transmitted with low efficiency between N. benthamiana plants (3/100 inoculated plants over two experiments) to produce similar mild symptoms.…”

Host range and purification ofbitter gourd yellow mosaic virus(BGYMV) in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

“…From the study it could be observed that the molecular weight of the virus under study was estimated to be 35 kDa. This result is in agreement with the results obtained by Mathew and Muniyappa (1992), wherein the 34 kDa of coat protein of ICMV was reported. Harrison (1985) reported that the gemini virus particles consists of 80% protein, which typically is a single species of molecular weight of 27 -32 kDa; this study has also confirmed that the virus under investigation is the gemini virus.…”

“…BGYMV was purified according to the procedure given by Mathew and Muniyappa (1992). One hundred grams of leaves from the BGYMV-infected bitter gourd plants were harvested 18 days after inoculation and homogenized in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.8 (2 ml/g) containing 1% 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.0001 M cysteine hydrochloride, 0.001 M sodium EDTA and chloroform (1 ml/g).…”

Phenotypic and molecular screening of cassava (Manihot esculentum Crantz) genotypes for resistance to cassava mosaic disease

“…These viruses are African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV) (Fondong et al, 2000), East African cassava mosaic Kenya virus (EACMKV) (Bull et al, 2006), East African cassava mosaic Malawi virus (EACMMV) (Zhou, et al, 1998), East African cassava mosaic Zanzibar virus (EACMZV) (Maruthi et al, 2004) and South African cassava mosaic (SACMV) (Berrie et al, 1998). Two other viruses, Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) (Matthew and Muniyappa, 1992;Saunders et al, 2002) and Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) (Saunders et al, 2002), were reported from the Indian sub-continent.…”