Purification of spinosin from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen using macroporous resins followed by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

As a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen has been used for treating anxiety and insomnia for a long time. Spinosin, the main active C‐glycoside flavonoid in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, has attracted much attention because of its many pharmacological activities including strong hypnotic effects, anxiolytic‐like effects, and so on. In the present work, high‐purity spinosin was separated from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen using the HPD‐300 resin followed by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography. The adsorption kinetics curve of spinosin on the HPD‐300 resin was studied and fitted well by the pseudo‐second‐order equation. The adsorption isotherms were also constructed and low temperature favored the adsorption reaction. The separation parameters were optimized using dynamic adsorption and desorption tests. After a one‐run treatment with HPD‐300 resin, the concentration of spinosin increased 11.8‐fold from 0.99 to 11.7% with a recovery yield of 80.4%. Furthermore, the purity of spinosin could surpass above 98% after separation by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography and recrystallization with a recovery yield of 72.6%. The developed method was effective and suitable for the large‐scale preparation of spinosin. Moreover, it was confirmed that HPD‐300 resin could enable good selection for the enrichment of flavonoids from different plants.

Separation of three chromones fromSaposhnikovia divaricatausing macroporous resins followed by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography

“…The above experimental results showed that HPD‐300 resin had good adsorption capacities for PG, CN, and MV in SD extracts. In addition, the adsorption behavior of chromones on the HPD‐300 resin was similar to that of flavonoids found in our previous studies, including that the adsorption process conforms to the second‐order kinetic model and that the adsorption is exothermic [21, 22]. HPD‐300 is a nonpolar polystyrene resin, and its large surface area (800–870 m 2 /g) gives it a high adsorption capacity.…”

“…In recent years, macroporous resins have been successfully applied for the separation of various types of natural products, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds [19–22]. In our previous studies, HPD‐300 resin was successfully used to separate several flavonoids from different plants [21, 22]. Since the structure of flavonoids contains chromone parts, we speculate that HPD‐300 resin may also be used to separate chromone derivatives.…”

“…Macroporous adsorption resins are a promising adsorption material with many advantages, such as low price, reusability, and high adsorption capacity. In recent years, macroporous resins have been successfully applied for the separation of various types of natural products, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds [19–22]. In our previous studies, HPD‐300 resin was successfully used to separate several flavonoids from different plants [21, 22].…”

Separation and Purification of Two Saponins from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis by a Macroporous Resin

“…The Weber-Morris intragranular diffusion model is usually used to describe three phases of adsorption: preadsorption (Phase I), main adsorption (Phase II), and the equilibrium procedure (Phase III). The main effects on the resins are liquid film diffusion, particle diffusion and equilibrium diffusion [ 42 , 46 , 47 ]. Three phases exhibiting linear relation were obtained under the Weber-Morris model ( Figure 6 A,B).…”

Adsorption and Desorption Characteristics of Total Flavonoids from Acanthopanax senticosus on Macroporous Adsorption Resins

“…Macroporous resin is prepared by polymerization reaction of various additives, such as polymerized monomer and crosslinking agent, porogen, dispersant, etc. It has the advantages of low costs [ 7 ], great adsorption performance [ 8 ], high reuse rate, good safety [ 9 ], and fewer interfering factors [ 10 ]. Macroporous resins are generally divided into three categories: non-polar, weak polar, and polar macroporous resins.…”