PVC - clay nanocomposites: Preparation, mechanical and thermal properties

Abstract

Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) nanocomposite have been prepared via solution technique. The nanocomposite structure based on the used modifier type and content was characterized with (XRD), (TEM) and (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results indicate the interaction of PVC into the clay layers giving an exfoliated PVC nanocomposites. FTIR data of the composites did not show any remarkable change in PVC. The influence of the modifier content (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 wt %) and type on the PVC was tested through physico-mechanical properties and thermal stability. The study demonstrated improved mechanical properties and thermal stability for the PVC/ carboxylated salts (3 wt %) composites compared with those of octadecyl amine (ODA) at the same loading. PVC/clay-ODA composite had worse thermal stability than that of unfilled PVC. Incorporation adipate acid salt (3%) results in a significant improvement of the thermal stability of PVC at 800 o C.

High-Porosity Polymer Composite for Removing Oil Spills in Cold Regions

“…Two reasons that can explain this result are as follows: first, the clay content in PVC nanofiber mats is very small (from 1 to 8%) and second, clay particles are covered with polymers or located in empty space of the nanofiber mats. Similar results were found for the PVC/Na-sebacate organoclay nanocomposite …”

“…Similar results were found for the PVC/Na-sebacate organoclay nanocomposite. 33 The spectrum of PVC nanofiber mats after oil removal shows that no new chemical bonds are formed (Figure 9). It shows that the oil does not change the structure of PVC nanofibers.…”

Clay-reinforced PVC composites and nanocomposites

“…Another common approach for modification is the employment of cationic and anionic functional groups in an ion exchange process to modify the surface of a particle [ 95 ]. Clay exchangeable cations are replaced with organic cations such as quaternary ammonium alkyl ions, phosphonium cations, imidazolium, diazonium salts, and other organic cations in the cation exchange process.…”

“…Stirring, shear mixing, and ultrasonication are the agitation forces that facilitate clay dispersion in the polymer solution. In the final step, the solvent is removed, leading to the reassembling of the polymer-intercalated clay and the nanocomposite formation [ 49 , 95 , [103] , [104] , [105] , [106] , [107] , [108] , [109] , [110] ]. It is noteworthy that the solvent evaporation rate is critical to the quality of the composite films.…”

“…Melt blending is another preparation process for clay/PVC nanocomposites [ 29 , 95 , 101 , 111 , 112 ]. In this method, nanoclay fillers and polymer are blended and heated above the polymer softening temperature in an oxygen-free atmosphere.…”