The 3D video system has broad application prospects and has become a new research hotspot at home and abroad in the video field. However, there are still many problems in multi-view video coding rate control in a three-dimensional video system. Therefore, this paper proposes a rate allocation algorithm based on structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) for 3D video coding. In this paper, we first analyze the correspondence between the weights of inter-view rate and the correlation between viewpoints, and then we establish the multi-view video main view and non-main view bit allocation calculation model. Finally, the view layer, frame layer, and macro block layer respectively perform bit allocation and rate control. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively control the bit rate of multi-view video coding while maintaining the multi-view video coding quality under limited bandwidth compared with the existing view layer fixed ratio allocation rate.