Qualitative Genetics and Utilization of Mutants

Percy, Richard G.; Hendon, Bralie R.; Bechere, Efrem; Auld, D. L.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr57.2013.0042

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…The ACGF3 is localized on chromosome A12 while its homeolog the DCGF3 is present on chromosome D12. Here, we have provided substantial evidence that these two homeologs are the main genes controlling the development of glands in cotton plants and, based on chromosomal location, correspond to the Gl 2 and Gl 3 loci described by several geneticists previously (Lee, ; Percy et al ., ). The results from RNA‐seq analysis also show that while both homeologs of the GoPGF (synonym CGF3 ) gene are expressed in the developing embryos of glanded cotton, the A subgenome homeolog is more active, thus providing confirmation for the earlier contention that Gl 2 is expressed at higher level compared to Gl 3 gene in glanded cotton (Lee, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Lee () reported that Gl 2 has approximately twice the expressivity of Gl 3 , with Gl 2 originating from the ancestor that contributed to the A subgenome and Gl 3 belonging to the D subgenome. Gl 2 and Gl 3 were localized to the A12 and D12 chromosomes of G. hirsutum respectively (Lee, ; Percy et al ., ; Samora et al ., ). During the course of the current investigation, Ma et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee (1965) reported that Gl 2 has approximately twice the expressivity of Gl 3 , with Gl 2 originating from the ancestor that contributed to the A subgenome and Gl 3 belonging to the D subgenome. Gl 2 and Gl 3 were localized to the A12 and D12 chromosomes of G. hirsutum respectively (Lee, 1965;Percy et al, 2015;Samora et al, 1994). During the course of the current investigation, Ma et al (2016) published a report describing the identification of a gene named GoPGF (Gossypium Pigment Gland Formation) through map-based cloning approach using a glandless (dominant) G. barbadense mutant (Gl 2 e ) that was originally created in Egypt by mutagenizing radiation (Afifi et al, 1966).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genes regulating gland development in the cotton plant

Janga

Pandeya

Campbell

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary In seeds and other parts of cultivated, tetraploid cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.), multicellular groups of cells lysigenously form dark glands containing toxic terpenoids such as gossypol that defend the plant against pests and pathogens. Using RNA ‐seq analysis of embryos from near‐isogenic glanded ( Gl 2 Gl 2 Gl 3 Gl 3 ) versus glandless ( gl 2 gl 2 gl 3 gl 3 ) plants, we identified 33 genes that expressed exclusively or at higher levels in embryos just prior to gland formation in glanded plants. Virus‐induced gene silencing against three gene pairs led to significant reductions in the number of glands in the leaves, and significantly lower levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. These genes encode transcription factors and have been designated the ‘Cotton Gland Formation’ ( CGF ) genes. No sequence differences were found between glanded and glandless cotton for CGF 1 and CGF 2 gene pairs. The glandless cotton has a transposon insertion within the coding sequence of the Go PGF (synonym CGF 3 ) gene of the A subgenome and extensive mutations in the promoter of D subgenome homeolog. Overexpression of Go PGF (synonym CGF 3 ) led to a dramatic increase in gossypol and related terpenoids in cultured cells, whereas CRISPR /Cas9 knockout of Go PGF (synonym CGF 3 ) genes resulted in glandless phenotype. Taken collectively, the results show that the Go PGF (synonym CGF 3 ) gene plays a critical role in the formation of glands in the cotton plant. Seed‐specific silencing of CGF genes, either individually or in combination, could eliminate glands, thus gossypol, from the cottonseed to render it safe as food or feed for monogastrics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genes regulating gland development in the cotton plant

Janga

Pandeya

Campbell

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…In 1965, the gl 2 and gl 3 gene were located on chromosome (chr.) A t 12 and D t 12 of G.hirsutum, respectively [16,[21][22]. Alleles gl 4 and gl 5 decrease the number of glands while gl 6 have the weaker effects on gland formation compared with gl 1 [23][24] [26][27] and Gl 2 b [28] related to pigment gland formation were identi ed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and characterization of GhERF105, a gene participated in the regulation of gland formation from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Cheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Gossypium hirsutum L. (cotton) is one of the most economically important crops globally. Cottonseed is the significant source of fiber, feed, foodstuff, oil and biofuel products. However, the utilization of cottonseed was limited by the presence of small and darkly pigmented glands that contain large amounts of gossypol, which is toxic to human beings and other non-ruminant animals. To date, there has been some progress in the pigment gland formation, but the underlying molecular mechanism of pigment gland formation was still complicated and unclear. Results In this study, we identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor named GhERF105 (Gh_A12G1784), which was involved in the regulation of gland pigmentation, from comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaf of two pairs of glanded and glandless accessions, which are CCRI12 and CCRI12XW, L7 and L7XW. It encoded an ERF protein localized in the nucleus with transcriptional activation activity containing a conserved AP2 domain, and showed the high expression in glanded cotton accessions that contained much gossypol. Virus-induced gene silencing against GhERF105 caused the dramatic reduction in the number of glands and significantly lowered levels of gossypol in cotton leaves. GhERF105 showed the patterns of spatiotemporal and inducible expression in the glanded plants. Conclusions These results suggest that GhERF105 participates in the pigment gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis in partial tissue of glanded plant. It also provides a potential molecular basis to generate ‘glandless-seed’ and ‘glanded-plant’ cotton cultivar.

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“…The Food and Agriculture Organization‐International Atomic Energy Agency (2014) Mutant Variety Database lists 46 cultivars of cotton developed using mutagenesis in China, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Bulgaria, Indonesia, and India from 1961 to 2009. The use of chemical mutagenesis on cotton in the United States has been less widespread (Percy, Hendon, Bechere, & Auld, 2015)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Registration of six upland cotton germplasm lines with improved fiber quality through ethyl methane sulfonate treatments and selection

Bechere

Auld

Smith

et al. 2020

J of Plant Registrations

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Six mutant lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with superior fiber quality were developed by the Department of Plant and Soil Science at Texas Tech University at Lubbock, TX, and released in 2019. Additional evaluations were conducted at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, and at the USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics Research Unit, Stoneville, MS. selected from a mutant population derived from TAM 94L-25. Imbibed seeds of Acala 1517-99 and TAM 94L-25 were treated with 3.0% v/v of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). In 2002 (M 2 ), 2003 (M 3 ), and 2004 (M 4 ), generations of the mutant populations were advanced by harvesting a single boll from each plant and bulking the seeds to generate the next generation. In 2005, seed cotton samples were hand harvested from a total of 3,122 individual M 2:5 plants and evaluated for fiber quality. In 2012quality. In , 2013quality. In , 2014quality. In , and 2015 of these M 5 lines selected from the TAM 94-L25 mutant population and 30 M 5 lines from the Acala 1517-99 mutant population were evaluated. Six M 5 lines were selected and released for their longer, stronger fibers and lower micronaire.Abbreviations: EMS, ethyl methane sulfonate; HVI, high volume instrument.

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Qualitative Genetics and Utilization of Mutants

Cited by 18 publications

References 203 publications

Genes regulating gland development in the cotton plant

Genes regulating gland development in the cotton plant

Molecular cloning and characterization of GhERF105, a gene participated in the regulation of gland formation from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Registration of six upland cotton germplasm lines with improved fiber quality through ethyl methane sulfonate treatments and selection

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