Quantitative analysis of tooth pulp afferent terminals in the rat brain stem

Bae, Yong Chul; Paik, Sang Kyoo; Park, Kuk Pil; Kyung, Su; Jin, Jong Gil; Ahn, Dong Kuk; Kim, Sung Kyo; Moritani, Masayuki; Yoshida, Atsushi

doi:10.1097/00001756-200411150-00011

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These characteristics suggest that bouton size is directly associated with its capacity for synaptic release and may underlie potential synaptic efficacy or strength of the boutons (Pierce & Lewin, 1994). This is consistent with the findings of the tooth pulp afferents in the TSN (Bae et al, 2004), vibrissa afferents in the Vp (Nakagawa et al, 1997) and Vi (Moon et al, 2008), and slowly adapting lingual afferents in the Vp and Vo (Zhang et al, 2001). These findings also suggest that the "size principle" proposed by the Pierce & Mendell (1993) in the Ia-motoneuron synapse is also applicable to the trigeminal sensory afferents in the 1st relay nuclei of the brain stem.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings signify that the strength of presynaptic modulation for the activity of vibrissa afferent boutons depends on the number of p-endings in the Vc. It is also observed in the vibrissa afferent boutons in Vi and Vp (Nakagawa et al, 1997; Moon et al, 2008), pulpal afferents in TSN (Bae et al, 2004) and Ia spindle afferents in the spinal ventral horn (Pierce & Mendell, 1993). It provides a notion that presynaptic modulation depending on the number of p-endings may be a general rule controlling the synaptic release of the primary afferent boutons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ultrastructural analysis of low-threshold mechanoreceptive vibrissa afferent boutons in the cat trigeminal caudal nucleus

et al. 2010

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Ultrastructural parameters related to synaptic release and their correlation with synaptic connectivity were analyzed in the low-threshold mechanoreceptive vibrissa afferent boutons in laminae III and IV of the trigeminal caudal nucleus (Vc). Rapidly adapting vibrissa afferents were intra-axonally labeled, and quantitative ultrastructural analyses with serial sections were performed on the labeled boutons and their presynaptic endings (p-endings). The volume of the labeled boutons was widely distributed from small to large ones (0.8~12.3 µm3), whereas the p-endings were small and uniform in size. The volume of the labeled boutons was positively correlated with the ultrastructural parameters such as mitochondrial volume (correlation coefficient, r=0.96), active zone area (r=0.82) and apposed surface area (r=0.79). Vesicle density (r=-0.18) showed little correlation to the volume of labeled boutons, suggesting that the total vesicle number of a bouton is proportional to its volume. In addition, the bouton volume was positively correlated with the number of p-endings (r=0.52) and with the number of dendrites postsynaptic to the labeled bouton (r=0.83). These findings suggest that low-threshold mechanoreception conveyed through vibrissa afferents is processed in a bouton size-dependent manner in the Vc, which may contribute to the sensory-motor function of laminae III/IV in Vc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ultrastructural analysis of low-threshold mechanoreceptive vibrissa afferent boutons in the cat trigeminal caudal nucleus

et al. 2010

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“…It was also positively correlated with the number of their postsynaptic dendrites, suggesting that since the larger the terminal, the more numerous synapses it establishes, the amount of neurotransmitter released per synapse remains relatively constant regardless of the size of the terminal. We thus show that these relationships hold true for UB afferents as well as for the somatosensory Aβ afferents conveying mechanosensory information (Moon et al, ; Nakagawa et al, ), tooth pulp afferents conveying nociceptive information (Bae et al, ), chorda tympani afferents conveying taste information (Bae et al, ), and muscle spindle afferents conveying proprioceptive information (Pierce & Mendell, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Synaptic connectivity of urinary bladder afferents in the rat superficial dorsal horn and spinal parasympathetic nucleus

Park

Devi

Bae

et al. 2019

J of Comparative Neurology

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That visceral sensory afferents are functionally distinct from their somatic analogues has been known for a long time but the detailed knowledge of their synaptic connections and neurotransmitters at the first relay nucleus in the spinal cord has been limited. To provide information on these topics, we investigated the synapses and neurotransmitters of identified afferents from the urinary bladder to the superficial laminae of the rat spinal dorsal horn (DH) and the spinal parasympathetic nucleus (SPN) by tracing with horseradish peroxidase, quantitative electron microscopical analysis, and immunogold staining for GABA and glycine. In the DH, most bladder afferent boutons formed synapses with 1-2 postsynaptic dendrites, whereas in the SPN, close to a half of them formed synapses with 3-8 postsynaptic dendrites. The number of postsynaptic dendrites and dendritic spines per bladder afferent bouton, both measures of synaptic divergence and of potential for synaptic plasticity at a single bouton level, were significantly higher in the SPN than in the DH. Bladder afferent boutons frequently received inhibitory axoaxonic synapses from presynaptic endings in the DH but rarely in the SPN. The presynaptic endings were GABA-and/or glycineimmunopositive. The bouton volume, mitochondrial volume, and active zone area, all determinants of synaptic strength, of the bladder afferent boutons were positively correlated with the number of postsynaptic dendrites. These findings suggest that visceral sensory information conveyed via the urinary bladder afferents is processed differently in the DH than in the SPN, and differently from the way somatosensory information is processed in the spinal cord.

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“…Thus, there appear to be no striking differences in synaptic organization between trigeminal somatic and visceral afferents in the PTN. Further, the synaptic arrangements in the PTN are more like those of laminae I and II of SpVc, while in other trigeminal nuclei, e.g., the principal sensory nucleus and dorsomedial part of SpVi, complex synaptic arrangements (triads) involving primary afferents are more common (Bae et al, 2003(Bae et al, , 2004b(Bae et al, , 2005.…”

Section: Comparison With Trigeminal Somatic Afferent Synapsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure and synaptology of the paratrigeminal nucleus in the rat: Primary pharyngeal and laryngeal afferent projections

Saxon

Hopkins

2005

Synapse

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The paratrigeminal nucleus (PTN) receives primary afferent projections from the aerodigestive tract and orofacial regions and plays a role in the integration of visceral and somatic information. This study describes the fine structure of the rat PTN and the synaptology of primary afferent projections from the pharynx and larynx. Injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) or cholera toxin-HRP (CT-HRP) were made into the wall of the pharynx or larynx to label primary afferent axon terminals. Light microscopic observations demonstrated that afferent axons terminated bilaterally in overlapping fields in the PTN. Electron microscopic observations of the PTN revealed that there were three distinct classes of neurons, based on morphology and axosomatic contacts. The most abundant neurons, Type 1, were fusiform in shape and received very few or no axosomatic contacts. Type 2 neurons contained prominent Nissl substance (rough endoplasmic reticulum) and few axosomatic contacts, while Type 3 neurons had many axosomatic synapses. Terminals containing round, clear vesicles and forming asymmetric contacts (round asymmetric, RA) with dendrites were the predominant synaptic type in the PTN. Primary afferent terminals from the pharynx and larynx were of the RA type and formed synaptic contacts with small-diameter (<1 microm) dendrites. Visceral primary afferent inputs from the pharynx and larynx overlap with trigeminal somatic afferents in the PTN and have similar synaptic morphology. The results support the concept that the PTN provides an anatomical substrate for mediating viscerovisceral and somatovisceral reflexes via efferent connections with autonomic centers in the brainstem.

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Quantitative analysis of tooth pulp afferent terminals in the rat brain stem

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Ultrastructural analysis of low-threshold mechanoreceptive vibrissa afferent boutons in the cat trigeminal caudal nucleus

Ultrastructural analysis of low-threshold mechanoreceptive vibrissa afferent boutons in the cat trigeminal caudal nucleus

Synaptic connectivity of urinary bladder afferents in the rat superficial dorsal horn and spinal parasympathetic nucleus

Ultrastructure and synaptology of the paratrigeminal nucleus in the rat: Primary pharyngeal and laryngeal afferent projections

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