Quantitative Estimation of Attenuation in Ultrasound Video Images

Graif, Moshe; Yanuka, Moti; Baraz, Mimi; Blank, Anat; Moshkovitz, Menachem; Kessler, Ada; Gilat, Tuvia; Weiß, J.; Walach, Eugene; Amazeen, Paul; Irving, Charles S.

doi:10.1097/00004424-200005000-00006

Cited by 165 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, the results cannot simply be extrapolated to the general population. Secondly, we used ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for hepatic steatosis [1,20,33], therefore it might result in: 1) the underestimated prevalence of NAFLD; 2) the inter-and intra-variations of diagnosis among ten ultrasonic doctors were unavailable; 3) severity of liver steatosis failed to be included and analyzed in this study. The third limitation was the ability to adjust for other potential confounders, such as diet and family history, which are related with metabolic risk and liver diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of simple indexes for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in western China: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2018

Endocr J

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Abstract. Various noninvasive algorithms have been developed for predicting the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The evaluation of the indexes' diagnostic performance has been reported in Europe and Asia over the past decade; however, external validation of them in China is rare. This study was aimed to evaluate various indexes for NAFLD in western China. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study, using data from a large-scale health check-up project at Sichuan provincial hospital. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of eight indexes, including the fatty liver index (FLI), the hepatic steatosis index, lipid accumulation product and etc., were developed to predict ultrasonographic NAFLD. There were 13,122 subjects in this study (2,692 NAFLD patients and 10,430 non-NAFLD participants). The area under ROC curve of FLI for predicting NAFLD was 0.880 (95% confidence interval, 0.874-0.886), which was significantly higher than other seven indexes. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FLI for NAFLD were good (cut-off value = 30, 0.782, 0.832, 0.770 and cut-off value = 60, 0.838, 0.443, 0.940, respectively). Furthermore, FLI also presented advantages in expenditure and accessibility, compared with other indexes. It supports FLI as an easily accessible index for physicians and a reliable predictor for NAFLD screening in western China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of simple indexes for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in western China: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2018

Endocr J

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“…The prevalence of hepatic steatosis in moderately obese non-diabetic patients (such as our BMI-matched controls) has been shown to be approximately 29%. 47 Given the high reported sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in detecting hepatic steatosis [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and the fact that steatosis was noted on ultrasound examination in all of our patients with NASH and none of the controls using the same equipment and operators, the likelihood of missing more than very small amounts of steatosis seems unlikely. Several possible BMI-matched controls were excluded from this study because of ultrasound images characteristic of steatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatic ultrasound has been shown in prospective studies to have a sensitivity for hepatic steatosis of between 93% and 100%. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Obese controls were within 10% of the mean BMI of patients with NASH. Lean controls had BMIs within 10% of the ideal for age.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein synthesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

et al. 2002

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The pathophysiology of hepatic steatosis, a prerequisite of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is poorly understood. Because very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) formation is the chief route of hepatic lipid export, we hypothesized that the synthesis of apoB-100, a rate-determining step in hepatic VLDL formation, may be altered in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study evaluated the relative synthesis rates of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) in patients with NASH and in lean and body mass index (BMI)-matched (obese) controls without NASH. A primed continuous infusion of L-[1-13 C] leucine was used to measure the absolute synthesis rates (ASR) of apoB-100 and fibrinogen in 7 patients with NASH and compared them with 7 lean and 7 obese (BMI-matched) controls without NASH. The ASRs of fibrinogen and albumin also were measured. The mean ASR of apoB-100 in patients with NASH was lower (31.5 ؎ 3.4 mg/kg/d) than that of obese (115.2 ؎ 7.2 mg/kg/d, P < .001) and lean controls (82.4 ؎ 4.1 mg/kg/d, P ‫؍‬ .002). In contrast, the mean ASR of fibrinogen was greater in subjects with NASH than in both control groups. These data indicate that NASH is associated with markedly altered hepatic synthesis of apoB-100. The finding that albumin synthesis was not similarly decreased in patients with NASH shows that the attenuation of apoB-100 synthesis is not on the basis of globally impaired hepatic protein synthesis. In conclusion, because apoB-100 synthesis is a rate-determining step in hepatocyte lipid export, decreased synthesis of this protein may be an important factor in the development of hepatic steatosis, a prerequisite for NASH. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;35:898-904.) N on-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH; part of the spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) is characterized by macrovesicular steatosis, nuclear glycogenation, lobular and portal inflammation, and, occasionally, Mallory's hyaline, in the absence of excessive alcohol ingestion. 1 NASH is most frequently associated with obesity 2-9 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 3,[7][8][9] Despite the high prevalence and the increasingly recognized morbidity associated with NASH, little is known about the pathophysiology of this condition. The liver is central to the regulation of fat metabolism, and the net accumulation of fat within hepatocytes, a prerequisite for steatosis and steatohepatitis, could potentially result from alterations in the uptake, synthesis, degradation, or secretory pathways of hepatic lipid metabolism.Apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) is a large protein (512 kd) involved in the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissues. Lipids are chiefly exported from the liver in the form of very-lowdensity lipoproteins (VLDL), a complex of protein (apoB-100), lipids (triglycerides or cholesteryl esters), and phospholipids. Although the mechanisms regulating the synthesis of apoB-100 are incompletely understood, the production of apoB-100 messenger RNA (mRNA) has been shown to be altered by insulin and unaffected by...

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“…Ultrasound is the preferred modality for qualitative assessment of fatty liver, although it does not correlate well with histological findings. 72,73 Assessment of liver density by calibrated computerized tomography and localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy shows promise. 74,75 Treatment of fatty liver…”

Section: Diagnosing Fatty Livermentioning

confidence: 99%