Quantum phases of matter on a 256-atom programmable quantum simulator

Ebadi, Sepehr; Wang, Tout T.; Levine, Harry; Keesling, Alexander; Semeghini, Giulia; Omran, Ahmed; Bluvstein, Dolev; Samajdar, Rhine; Pichler, Hannes; Ho, Wen Wei; Choi, Soonwon; Sachdev, Subir; Greiner, Markus; Vuletić, Vladan; Lukin, Mikhail D.

doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03582-4

Cited by 784 publications

(562 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…For comparison we also show the corresponding spectrum for the critical antiferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model, which realizes the noninteracting limit of the Ising CFT with u = 0 [Eq. (10)]. As described in the text, the slight reduction in the Rydberg energies near the middle of the plot suggests that the critical Rydberg chain at V 2 = 0 retains weak four-fermion interactions with u < 0.…”

Section: Four-fermion Interactions At Ising Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Fermion velocity v in the low-energy Ising CFT Hamiltonian [Eq. (10)] versus V 2 for a critical Rydberg chain. The velocity is calculated from the slope of the lines near the |σ state in Fig.…”

Section: Four-fermion Interactions At Ising Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These systems benefit from exceptional coherence, exquisite tunability, configurable atom array geometry, and site-resolved readout. Moreover, Rydberg atoms exhibit strong induced dipole-dipole interactions that catalyze a rich set of accessi-ble phases and transitions [8][9][10]; indeed, even the simplest linear chain architecture features quantum phase transitions described by Ising and tricritical Ising CFTs [11][12][13] (as well as a Z 3 transition [14,15]). Initial experimental forays into Rydberg-array quantum criticality have focused on Kibble-Zurek effects [16,17] that describe excitations created upon dynamically sweeping across a quantum phase transition, revealing critical exponents of the associated universality classes [10,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic characterization of Ising conformal field theory in Rydberg chains

et al. 2021

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Rydberg chains provide an appealing platform for probing conformal field theories (CFTs) that capture universal behavior in a myriad of physical settings. Focusing on a Rydberg chain at the Ising transition separating charge density wave and disordered phases, we establish a detailed link between microscopics and low-energy physics emerging at criticality. We first construct lattice incarnations of primary fields in the underlying Ising CFT including chiral fermions, a nontrivial task given that the Rydberg chain Hamiltonian does not admit an exact fermionization. With this dictionary in hand, we compute correlations of microscopic Rydberg operators, paying special attention to finite, open chains of immediate experimental relevance. We further develop a method to quantify how second-neighbor Rydberg interactions tune the sign and strength of four-fermion couplings in the Ising CFT. Finally, we determine how the Ising fields evolve when four-fermion couplings drive an instability to Ising tricriticality. Our results pave the way to a thorough experimental characterization of Ising criticality in Rydberg arrays, and can inform the design of novel higher-dimensional phases based on coupled critical chains.

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Section: Four-fermion Interactions At Ising Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Four-fermion Interactions At Ising Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic characterization of Ising conformal field theory in Rydberg chains

et al. 2021

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“…Over the past few years, tweezer atom arrays have emerged as a very versatile platform for quantum science, with applications ranging from quantum simulation of many-body systems [2] to quantum metrology [3,4] and quantum computing [5,6]. Large arrays with up to approximately 200 atoms are now used for quantum simulation of spin systems [7,8]. They are assembled atom by atom, using moving optical tweezers, from an initially disordered configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Atoms with 6000-Second Trapping Lifetimes in Optical-Tweezer Arrays at Cryogenic Temperatures

et al. 2021

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We report on the trapping of single Rb atoms in tunable arrays of optical tweezers in a cryogenic environment at approximately 4 K. We describe the design and construction of the experimental apparatus, based on a custom-made UHV-compatible closed-cycle cryostat with optical access. We demonstrate the trapping of single atoms in cryogenic arrays of optical tweezers, with lifetimes up to 6000 s, despite the fact that the vacuum system has not been baked out. These results open the way to large arrays of single atoms with extended coherence, for applications in large-scale quantum simulation of many-body systems and, more generally, in quantum science and technology.

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“…Despite their impressive success and accuracy in many scenarios, the com-plete understanding of several phenomena, e.g. the low-energy properties of Hubbard-like Hamiltonians for interacting fermions or the behavior of spin systems with frustrating interactions, is still debated, especially in two or three spatial dimensions [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], where current and near-future experimental setups require benchmarking tools capable of simulating large quantum many-body systems [21][22][23][24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Hilbert curve vs Hilbert space: exploiting fractal 2D covering to increase tensor network efficiency

Abedi

Magnifico

et al. 2021

Quantum

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We present a novel mapping for studying 2D many-body quantum systems by solving an effective, one-dimensional long-range model in place of the original two-dimensional short-range one. In particular, we address the problem of choosing an efficient mapping from the 2D lattice to a 1D chain that optimally preserves the locality of interactions within the TN structure. By using Matrix Product States (MPS) and Tree Tensor Network (TTN) algorithms, we compute the ground state of the 2D quantum Ising model in transverse field with lattice size up to 64×64, comparing the results obtained from different mappings based on two space-filling curves, the snake curve and the Hilbert curve. We show that the locality-preserving properties of the Hilbert curve leads to a clear improvement of numerical precision, especially for large sizes, and turns out to provide the best performances for the simulation of 2D lattice systems via 1D TN structures.

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Quantum phases of matter on a 256-atom programmable quantum simulator

Cited by 784 publications

References 63 publications

Microscopic characterization of Ising conformal field theory in Rydberg chains

Microscopic characterization of Ising conformal field theory in Rydberg chains

Single Atoms with 6000-Second Trapping Lifetimes in Optical-Tweezer Arrays at Cryogenic Temperatures

Hilbert curve vs Hilbert space: exploiting fractal 2D covering to increase tensor network efficiency

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