“…Note that the unconditional mean μ ij ( β , θ , σ τ , ψ (·)) can be computed in practice using the approachwhere N is a large number such as N = 1000, and τ iw , w = 1, …, N , is a random sample from a standard normal distribution. Notice that the recursive nature of formula implies that the unconditional mean μ ij ( β , θ , σ τ , ψ (·)) in or depends not only on the present covariate values ( x ij , z ij ), but also on the past covariate values from ( x i , j −1 , z i , j −1 ) to ( x i 1 , z i 1 ), which is a major difference between the SBDML model and the semi‐parametric fixed models studied by other authors such as Severini & Staniswalis (), and Lin & Carroll ().…”