Races of common bunt ( Tilletia caries and T. foetida ) of wheat in western Canada

He, C. and Hughes, G. R. 2003. Inheritance of resistance to common bunt in spelt and common wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 83: 47-56. Common bunt causes yield loss and reduces grain quality in both common and durum wheats in western Canada. Since the most cost-effective method of control is the use of host resistance, this study was conducted to provide information on the genetic control of bunt resistance in three potentially new sources: common wheat cultivar Triple Dirk and spelt wheat cultivars RL5407 and SK0263. The segregating populations from the three crosses Laura/Triple Dirk, Laura/RL5407 and Genesis/SK0263 were evaluated for common bunt resistance in the field for races T1, T13 and L7 and in the greenhouse for race T1. Genetic analysis indicated that Triple Dirk may carry a major gene controlling resistance to each of the bunt races T1, T13 and L7. The spelt wheat RL5407 may carry a major gene for resistance to both races T13 and L7 or genes conditioning resistance to T13 and L7 that are closely linked, and an additional major gene for resistance to race T1. The two major genes carried by RL5407 are believed to be different. SK0263 possibly carried two major genes for resistance to race T1. The disease data in F 1 and F 2 generations did not show any dominance for bunt resistance to race T1 in any of the three crosses. From crosses involving Triple Dirk, RL5407 and SK0263, selection of breeding lines highly resistant to common bunt can be effective in the progenies due to the nature of nondominance and one-or two-gene controlled resistance.Kew words: Wheat, common bunt, Triticum sp., Tilletia sp. et Genesis/SK0263 pour voir si elles résistaient aux races T1, T13 et L7 de la carie au champ et à la race T1 en serre. L'analyse génétique révèle que Triple Dirk pourrait porter un gène important codant la résistance aux races T1, T13 et L7. La variété d'é-peautre RL5407, quant à elle, possèderait un gène majeur de résistance aux races T13 et L7 ou des gènes étroitement liés, conditionnant cette résistance, ainsi qu'un gène important de résistance à la race T1. On croit que les deux grands gènes de résistance de RL5407 sont différents. Par ailleurs, il se pourrait que SK0263 porte deux gènes majeurs de résistance à la race T1. Selon les données recueillies sur la F 1 et la F 2 , aucun des trois croisements ne présente de gène dominant codant la résistance à la race T1. La sélection de lignées généalogiques très résistantes à la carie du blé parmi les hybrides de Triple Dirk, de RL5407 et de SK0263 pourrait s'avérer efficace puisque la résistance n'est pas codée par un gène dominant ou résulte de l'action d'un seul ou de deux gènes.

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of resistance to common bunt in spelt and common wheat

Hughes¹

2003

“…Fifteen named bunt resistance genes were summarized by Goates (1996). The Bt10 resistance gene has been widely employed in Canadian spring wheat breeding programs and is highly expressive, providing highly resistant reactions against races of common bunt in western Canada (Gaudet and Puchalski 1989). Traditional methods of evaluating wheat lines for the presence of the Bt10 resistance gene through inoculation and disease expression are time-consuming and often inconclusive, so RAPD and PCR based markers have been developed to make the selection process more rapid for breeding programs (Demeke et al 1996;Laroche et al 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yield losses are equivalent to the percentage of infected tillers, and losses to grain quality can occur in grain contaminated with bunt balls at levels as low as 0.05% by weight. This disease caused extensive grain yield and quality losses in wheat across the great plains of the USA and Canada before control measures were developed (Johnson 1961;Gaudet and Puchalski 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common bunt resistance gene Bt10 located on wheat chromosome 6D

Menzies¹,

Knox²,

Popovic³

et al. 2006

. 2006. Common bunt resistance gene Bt10 located on wheat chromosome 6D. Can. J. Plant Sci. 86: 1409-1412. Knowledge of the chromosomal location of disease resistance genes assists in their identification and classification. The determination of the chromosomal location in wheat of the common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) resistance gene Bt10 was the goal of this study. Doubled haploid lines were developed from a cross between bunt susceptible Glenlea and bunt resistant AC Taber carrying Bt10. The doubled haploid lines were inoculated with T. tritici race T19, grown in a growth room and rated for bunt near maturity. A series of 50 wheat microsatellite markers were tested on DNA of the individual lines. The population segregated 1:1 for bunt reaction with clear separation between resistant and susceptible classes. A trait related DNA polymorphism generated by gwm469 located in chromosome 6D fit a 1:1 segregation. Combined segregation of bunt resistance and the gwm469 polymorphism differed significantly from a 1:1:1:1 ratio with a preponderance of parental types confirming linkage of gwm469 with Bt10. The map distance between gwm469 and Bt10 was estimated at 19.3 cM by MAPMAKER. The microsatellite markers wmc749, barc54 and cfd0033, located on chromosome 6D, also were significantly associated with the bunt resistance and gwm469. In total, six markers previously located to chromosome 6D were in the linkage group with the Bt10 common bunt resistance. The linkage of these markers with each other and Bt10 indicated that Bt10 is located on the short arm of chromosome 6D. Savoir où les gènes de résistance à la maladie se situent sur les chromosomes en facilite l'identification et la classification. Les auteurs voulaient établir l'emplacement du gène de résistance à la carie (Tilletia caries et T. laevis) Bt10 sur les chromosomes du blé. Pour cela, ils ont créé des lignées dihaploïdes en croisant la lignée Glenlea, sensible à la carie, avec AC Taber, lignée résistante portant le gène Bt10. Ils ont ensuite inoculé la race T19 de T. caries aux lignées dihaploïdes après culture dans une chambre de croissance et évaluation de sa maturité. Une série de 50 microsatellites ont été testés comme marqueurs avec l'ADN de chaque lignée. La population a donné une ségrégation de 1:1 pour la réaction à la carie avec une nette démarcation entre les sujets résistants et les sujets sensibles. Le polymorphisme de l'ADN engendré par le gène gwm469 sur le chromosome 6D donne lui aussi une ségrégation de 1:1. La ségrégation combinée de la résistance à la carie et du polymorphisme codé par gwm469 donne un ratio sensiblement différent de 1:1:1:1, la prépondérance des caractères parentaux confirmant la liaison génétique entre gwm469 et Bt10. Le logiciel MAPMAKER estime la distance entre les deux gènes à 19,3 cM. Les microsatellites wmc749, barc54 et cfd0033, également situés sur le chromosome 6D, se caractérisent aussi par une association sensible avec la résistance à la carie et gwm469. Dans l'ensemble, six marqueurs qu'on avait antérie...

“…R. Wolff and T. laevis Kuhn in Rabenh. (Gaudet and Puchalski 1989;Gaudet et al 1993) were conducted at the Lethbridge Research Centre of AAFC. End-use quality of composite samples was evaluated by the Grain Research Laboratory, Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, MB.…”

Section: Pedigree and Breeding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waskada hard red spring wheat

Fox¹,

Thomas²,

Wise³

et al. 2009

. In comparison with the check cultivars (Katepwa, McKenzie, CDC Teal, AC Barrie, and Superb), the grain yield of Waskada was similar to that of the best check in Manitoba and in Saskatchewan. Waskada matures 1 d later than AC Barrie and 1 d earlier than Superb. Waskada had similar height and lodging characteristics as Katepwa and McKenzie. The test weight of Waskada was 1.3 kg hL Á1 higher than McKenzie, the best check. Waskada demonstrated moderate resistance to leaf rust but very good resistance to stem rust. Resistance to common bunt and loose smut was good, being similar to the more resistant checks Superb and Katepwa, respectively. Resistance to Fusarium head blight was better than the best check in four determinations made over the 3 yr of registration testing. Waskada appears to deter egg laying by the orange blossom wheat midge. Waskada has good preharvest sprouting resistance with similar or lower sprouting scores than the best check in 4 yr of testing, and it also maintained its falling numbers after natural or artificial weathering of spikes. End-use quality tests identified that Waskada had significantly higher amylograph viscosity than all checks except Superb. Waskada had a significantly lower loaf volume than CDC Teal and AC Barrie and was within the range of the checks for other quality traits. . Waskada re´siste mode´re´ment a`la rouille des feuilles, mais oppose une tre`s bonne re´sistance a`celle de la tige. La varie´te´re´siste bien a`la carie et au charbon nu, sa re´sistance e´tant similaire a`celles de Superb et de Katepwa, les te´moins respectivement les plus re´sistants aux deux maladies. Waskada a mieux re´siste´a`la bruˆlure de l'e´pi par Fusarium que le meilleur te´moin lors des quatre analyses effectue´es durant les trois anne´es d'essais pre´ce´dant l'homologation. Waskada semble re´sister a`la ponte des aeufs par la ce´cidomyie orange´e du ble´. Le cultivar re´siste bien a`la germination sur pied avant la re´colte, avec une proportion de plants germe´s semblable ou infe´rieure a`celle du meilleur te´moin lors des quatre anne´es d'essai. Waskada conserve aussi son indice de Hagberg apre`s l'alte´ration sur pied naturelle ou artificielle des e´pis. Selon les tests sur la qualiteá`l 'utilisation finale, Waskada pre´sente une viscosite´sensiblement plus e´leve´e a`l'amylographe que celle de tous les cultivars te´moins sauf Superb. Waskada donne un pain sensiblement moins volumineux que CDC Teal et AC Barrie, mais ses autres parame`tres qualitatifs se situent dans la fourchette des valeurs te´moins.Mots clé s: Triticum aestivum L., description de cultivar, ble´roux de printemps, poids spe´cifique, germination sur pied, bruˆlure de l'e´pi par Fusarium, anti-oviposition de la ce´cidomyie du ble9 For personal use only.