Radiation Shielding Concrete with alternate constituents: An approach to address multiple hazards

Tyagi, Gaurav; Singhal, Anupam; Routroy, Srikanta; Bhunia, Dipendu; Lahoti, Mukund

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124201

Cited by 92 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Predicting GPBM properties and methodology with mathematical models seems irreplaceable, particularly for production of sophisticated materials for special purposes. Attempts have been made to produce materials such as radiation shielding concrete (RSC) [61] and ambient-cured heavyweight geopolymer concrete (HWGC) [62] to protect from the sources that emit harmful radiation in the medical and nuclear industries, and lunar building materials which need to meet criteria of resistance to severe temperature cycles (102.4 to 387.1 K), stability in a vacuum environment, minimal water requirements, and sourcing from local Moon materials [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Geopolymers: Physico-Mechanical Features, Radiation Absorption Properties, and Mathematical Model

et al. 2022

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Waste ashes and radiation are hazardous environmental and health factors; thus, a lot of attention is paid to their reduction. We present eco-geopolymer building materials (GPBMs) based on the class F fly ashes (FFAs) from thermal power plants (TPPs) and their implementation as a barrier against radioactive radiation. Different methods of production, ratios of FFA to alkali activator, and temperatures of curing were tested. Small spherical particles and higher content of SiO2 resulted in developed surface area and higher reactivity of Isken TPP FFA than Catalagzi TPP FFA. Lower activator concentration (10% vs. 20%) and curing temperature (70 vs. 100 °C) caused an increase in GPBM compressive strength; the highest value was measured as 93.3 MPa. The highest RA was measured for GPBMs, provided alkali activator ratio (Na2SiO3/NaOH) was >2 and its concentration was 20%. The mathematical model developed in this study proved FFA quantity, and thus GPBM mechanical properties, as key factors influencing RA. In the light of these results, the lightweight GPBMs can be excellent materials for the construction sector dedicated to immobilization, storage, and disposal for radionuclides or barriers against radiation; however, multiple steps of their production require careful optimization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Geopolymers: Physico-Mechanical Features, Radiation Absorption Properties, and Mathematical Model

et al. 2022

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“…With its high amount of crystallized water and high density, it can shield against radiations such as beta rays, alpha rays, gamma rays, neutrons, and X-rays [ 39 ]. Beta and alpha rays have the lowest penetrating capabilities of these photons [ 54 ]. Thinner shielding materials can quickly absorb photons.…”

Section: Classifications and Major Functions Of Rscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

et al. 2022

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Nuclear energy offers a wide range of applications, which include power generation, X-ray imaging, and non-destructive tests, in many economic sectors. However, such applications come with the risk of harmful radiation, thereby requiring shielding to prevent harmful effects on the surrounding environment and users. Concrete has long been used as part of structures in nuclear power plants, X-ray imaging rooms, and radioactive storage. The direction of recent research is headed toward concrete’s ability in attenuating harmful energy radiated from nuclear sources through various alterations to its composition. Radiation shielding concrete (RSC) is a composite-based concrete that was developed in the last few years with heavy natural aggregates such as magnetite or barites. RSC is deemed a superior alternative to many types of traditional normal concrete in terms of shielding against the harmful radiation, and being economical and moldable. Given the merits of RSCs, this article presents a comprehensive review on the subject, considering the classifications, alternative materials, design additives, and type of heavy aggregates used. This literature review also provides critical reviews on RSC performance in terms of radiation shielding characteristics, mechanical strength, and durability. In addition, this work extensively reviews the trends of development research toward a broad understanding of the application possibilities of RSC as an advanced concrete product for producing a robust and green concrete composite for the construction of radiation shielding facilities as a better solution for protection from sources of radiation. Furthermore, this critical review provides a view of the progress made on RSCs and proposes avenues for future research on this hotspot research topic.

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“…Most countries around the world consider nuclear technology to be an alternative energy source to solve the problem of nonrenewable energy, which will run out one day. Due to the increased use of radioisotopes and radiation-emitting devices in various medical and industrial fields, it is necessary to study the ability of some readily available materials for use in construction, such as concrete, rocks and clay, to protect against gamma rays [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Ceramics Based Red-Clay by Bulk and Nano Metal Oxides for Photon Shielding Features

et al. 2021

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We prepared red clays by introducing different percentages of PbO, Bi2O3, and CdO. In order to understand how the introduction of these oxides into red clay influences its attenuation ability, the mass attenuation coefficient of the clays was experimentally measured in a lab using an HPGe detector. The theoretical shielding capability of the material present was obtained using XCOM to verify the accuracy of the experimental results. We found that the experimental and theoretical values agree to a very high degree of precision. The effective atomic number (Zeff) of pure red clay, and red clay with the three metal oxides was determined. The pure red clay had the lowest Zeff of the tested samples, which means that introducing any of these three oxides into the clay will greatly enhance its Zeff, and consequently its attenuation capability. Additionally, the Zeff for red clay with 10 wt% CdO is lower than the Zeff of red clay with 10 wt% Bi2O3 and PbO. We also prepared red clay using 10 wt% CdO nanoparticles and compared its attenuation ability with the red clay prepared with 10 wt% PbO, Bi2O3, and CdO microparticles. We found that the MAC of the red clay with 10 wt% nano-CdO was higher than the MAC of the clay with microparticle samples. Accordingly, nanoparticles could be a useful way to enhance the shielding ability of current radiation shielding materials.

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Radiation Shielding Concrete with alternate constituents: An approach to address multiple hazards

Cited by 92 publications

References 187 publications

Eco-Geopolymers: Physico-Mechanical Features, Radiation Absorption Properties, and Mathematical Model

Eco-Geopolymers: Physico-Mechanical Features, Radiation Absorption Properties, and Mathematical Model

Recent Trends in Advanced Radiation Shielding Concrete for Construction of Facilities: Materials and Properties

Enhancement of Ceramics Based Red-Clay by Bulk and Nano Metal Oxides for Photon Shielding Features

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