Radiographic assessment of root canal morphology of mandibular central incisors using new classification system: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Lack of basic knowledge about the external and internal anatomies of the root canal system and common variations in teeth may lead to various procedural errors or treatment failure. In this study, the root canal configurations of mandibular incisors and the symmetry of the contralateral incisors of Saudi Arabian subpopulations were analyzed and determined using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A retrospective evaluation of 700 patients was conducted, and 1260 fully developed permanent mandibular central incisors were assessed. The number of root canals was determined, and the internal root canal anatomies were categorized based on Ahmed et al.’s criteria. The CBCT images were independently evaluated by 2 trained dentists and an endodontist. The data were assessed using the chi-square and one-way analysis of variance tests. All the mandibular central incisors included in the study were single-rooted. According to Ahmed et al’s classification system, the most common classification (82.6%) was 1 ManA 1 (Vertucci type I), followed by 1 ManA 1-2-1 (Vertucci type III; 13%). Second canals were more frequently recorded in the male participants than in the female participants. The root canal configuration between contralateral incisors was largely symmetrical. Most of the mandibular incisors in the examined Saudi Arabian population had a single canal. Nevertheless, a substantial number of patients had a complex root morphology. Hence, CBCT can be utilized as a potential supplementary tool during root canal treatment.

Assessment of the root and canal morphology in the permanent dentition of Saudi Arabian population using cone beam computed and micro-computed tomography – a systematic review

“… It was evident from the results that Saudi population commonly had more than one canal and bilateral symmetry was more in central incisor than lateral incisor with respect to number of roots, canals and their configuration type. [ 53 ] Alobaid, M.A., et al 2022 1260 Mandibular central incisors KAVO OP 3D Pron (KaVo Dental, Charlotte, NC, USA) 0.85 mm On demand 3DTM imaging software (Cybermed Inc., Unit K Tustin, CA) New system of classification Retrospective data from database All the right and left lower central incisors were single rooted on both the sides. Canal configuration in left central incisor: Male: 80.2% were (1-1-1), 13.6% had (1-2-1), 2.2% had (1-1-2), 3.7% had (1-2-2), and 0.4% were (2-2-1).…”

Critical analysis of a new system to classify root and canal morphology — A systematic review

“…After removal of duplicates, a total of 229 were screened. Studies not related to root and canal anatomy were excluded leaving a total of 15 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria [8,17,18,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The PRISMA 2000 flowchart summarises the search strategy (Figure 1).…”

“…Tables 1-5 summarise the details of the included studies. Out of the 15 studies, three examined the anatomy of maxillary anterior teeth in patients (CBCT clinical studies) (21)(22)(23), five examined mandibular anterior teeth (four clinical CBCT (21)(22)(23)(24), and one ex vivo micro-CT (25) on extracted teeth), four studies examined maxillary premolar teeth (three clinical CBCT (18,26,27), and one ex vivo CBCT (17) on extracted teeth), two studies examined mandibular premolar teeth (one clinical CBCT (29), and one ex vivo micro-CT (28) on extracted teeth) and three studies examined maxillary molar teeth (clinical CBCT) (30)(31)(32). Interobserver agreement (Cohen's k) scores performed for selection of studies was calculated as 0.871-almost perfect agreement.…”

“…Conclusion: Both systems were able to classify the root canal anatomy in the permanent anterior teeth. However, complex canal configurations and double-rooted teeth were more accurately described using the Ahmed et al systemAlobaid et al[24] Saudi Arabian Central incisor (n = 1260) According to Ahmed et al classification system, the most common code (82.6%) was 1 ManA 1 (Vertucci type I), followed by1 ManA 1-2-1 (Vertucci type III; 13%). Other codes/types were identified with percentages less than 5% CBCT (Clinical) Vertucci [2] and Ahmed et al [15] Conclusion: Both systems classified the entire study samples Buchanan et al [22] South African Central incisor (n = 387) Mandibular lateral incisors: CBCT (Clinical) Lateral incisor (n = 387) 1 ManA 1 (Vertucci type I) (63.3%) Canine (n = 386) 1 ManA 1-2-1 (Vertucci type III) (33.3%)Vertucci[2] and Ahmed et al[15] …”

Challenges of E-Learning: Behavioral Intention of Academicians to Use E-Learning during COVID-19 Crisis

“…In a study, it was found that perceived usefulness, ease of use, security, and privacy were significant antecedents of customer attitudes toward using internet banking. A study performed in the context of crisis response strategy found a significant mediating role of online brand attitude and online purchase intention [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. The study also found that brand-perceived usefulness significantly strengthens the positive relationship between online brand attitude and online purchase intention.…”