“…Poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) are a special type of strong polyelectrolytes that combine the diverse functionality and unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) with the mechanical stability, long-range ordering, and processability of polymers. − In recent years, PILs have emerged as innovative functional polyelectrolytes with applications in a variety of fields, including battery electrolytes, separations, nanomaterials, and more. − In the past decade, PILs have been combined with highly incompatible neutral polymers to form block copolymers (BCPs) either in solution or as films. These systems have been used in forming polymer films and membranes with unique nanostructures such as lamellae, cylinders, spheroids, and bicontinuous structures. ,− In solution, they can form various structures (e.g., micellar spheres, vesicles, cubosomes) that are modulated by salt environment and PIL design − in addition to traditional BCP assembly behaviors (e.g., solvent, polymer block length, concentration) . Depending on the structure, these morphologies and supramolecular interactions can enhance the properties of PILs materials, such as ion conductivity in battery electrolytes ,,, or interfacial behavior in emulsions …”