Rapid, but limited, zooplankton adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification

Dam, Hans G.; deMayo, James A.; Park, Gihong; Norton, Lydia; He, Xuejia; Finiguerra, Michael; Baumann, Hannes; Brennan, Reid S.; Pespeni, Melissa H.

doi:10.1101/2021.04.07.438881

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Across the stress temperatures evaluated, copepods adapted to OWA conditions exhibit a decrease in maximum survivorship in addition to a shift towards cooler temperatures. The reduced thermal tolerance for OWA copepods could also be explained by antagonistic interactions of warming and acidification, which we observed after 25 generations of adaptation [40]. Copepods from OWA lineages (OWA OWA and OWA AM ) and those that developed in OWA conditions (AM OWA ) show significantly lower high-temperature thermal performance relative to AM AM , with the OWA OWA treatment exhibiting the lowest LD 50 (figure 2a).…”

Section: Discussion (A) Costs Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Acartia tonsa (Copepoda: Calanoida) is an estuarine and coastal foundational species [25,26], used in previous experimental evolution studies [28,33,40]. Acartia tonsa was collected June 2016 from Long Island Sound CT USA (41.3 N, −72.0 W).…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Study Organism And Culturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We took advantage of a separate study to examine transgenerational response of a copepod species (25 generations) to combined ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions [39,40]. Here, we extended the study to 65 generations (approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification carries a thermal tolerance cost in a marine copepod

et al. 2021

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The ocean is undergoing warming and acidification. Thermal tolerance is affected both by evolutionary adaptation and developmental plasticity. Yet, thermal tolerance in animals adapted to simultaneous warming and acidification is unknown. We experimentally evolved the ubiquitous copepod Acartia tonsa to future combined ocean warming and acidification conditions (OWA approx. 22°C, 2000 µatm CO 2 ) and then compared its thermal tolerance relative to ambient conditions (AM approx. 18°C, 400 µatm CO 2 ). The OWA and AM treatments were reciprocally transplanted after 65 generations to assess effects of developmental conditions on thermal tolerance and potential costs of adaptation. Treatments transplanted from OWA to AM conditions were assessed at the F1 and F9 generations following transplant. Adaptation to warming and acidification, paradoxically, reduces both thermal tolerance and phenotypic plasticity. These costs of adaptation to combined warming and acidification may limit future population resilience.

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Section: Discussion (A) Costs Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Study Organism And Culturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification carries a thermal tolerance cost in a marine copepod

et al. 2021

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“…A recent meta-analysis of these thermal performance curves found that instead of a strict thermodynamic constraint, slightly hotter adaptation is more favorable for phytoplankton (Kontopoulos et al, 2020). Despite the possibility of some plankton species adapting to thermal changes (O'Donnell et al, 2018;Dam et al, 2021), global warming poses a threat to the existing plankton biogeography with cascading effects on the higher trophic levels (Henson et al, 2021). Studies suggest a poleward shift of some species and reduced diversity in the tropics (Thomas et al, 2012;Benedetti et al, 2021;Freḿont et al, 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

Computing marine plankton connectivity under thermal constraints

et al. 2023

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Ocean currents are a key driver of plankton dispersal across the oceanic basins. However, species specific temperature constraints may limit the plankton dispersal. We propose a methodology to estimate the connectivity pathways and timescales for planktonspecies with given constraints on temperature tolerances, by combining Lagrangian modeling with network theory. We demonstrate application of two types of temperature constraints: thermal niche and adaptation potential and compare it to thesurface water connectivity between sample stations in the Atlantic Ocean. We find that non-constrained passive particles representative of a plankton species can connect all the stations within three years at the surface with pathways mostly along the major ocean currents. However, under thermal constraints, only a subset of stations can establish connectivity. Connectivity time increases marginally under these constraints, suggesting that plankton can keep within their favorable thermal conditions by advecting via slightly longer paths. Effect of advection depth on connectivity is observed to be sensitive to the width of the thermal constraints, along with decreasing flow speeds with depth and possible changes in pathways.

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“…All data and code for analysing and visualizing the data are deposited into a Zenodo repository located at: [92]. Transcriptomic data are deposited in Genbank with BioProject Accession number PRJNA966098.…”

Section: Data Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod

deMayo,

Brennan,

Pespeni

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation allow populations to cope with global change, but limits and costs to adaptation under multiple stressors are insufficiently understood. We reared a foundational copepod species, Acartia hudsonica , under ambient (AM), ocean warming (OW), ocean acidification (OA), and combined ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions for 11 generations (approx. 1 year) and measured population fitness (net reproductive rate) derived from six life-history traits (egg production, hatching success, survival, development time, body size and sex ratio). Copepods under OW and OWA exhibited an initial approximately 40% fitness decline relative to AM, but fully recovered within four generations, consistent with an adaptive response and demonstrating synergy between stressors. At generation 11, however, fitness was approximately 24% lower for OWA compared with the AM lineage, consistent with the cost of producing OWA-adapted phenotypes. Fitness of the OWA lineage was not affected by reversal to AM or low food environments, indicating sustained phenotypic plasticity. These results mimic those of a congener, Acartia tonsa , while additionally suggesting that synergistic effects of simultaneous stressors exert costs that limit fitness recovery but can sustain plasticity. Thus, even when closely related species experience similar stressors, species-specific costs shape their unique adaptive responses.

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Rapid, but limited, zooplankton adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification carries a thermal tolerance cost in a marine copepod

Adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification carries a thermal tolerance cost in a marine copepod

Computing marine plankton connectivity under thermal constraints

Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod

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