Rapid detection of influenza virus by shell vial assay with monoclonal antibodies

Espy, Mark J.; Smith, Thomas F.; Harmon, Maurice W.; Kendal, Alan P.

doi:10.1128/jcm.24.4.677-679.1986

Cited by 107 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Commercially available R-Mix cells (Diagnostic Hybrids Inc., Athens, OH), a mixture of A549 and Mink lung cells, have been used extensively by clinical laboratories for the detection of the eight viruses that are detected by DFA (84,297). The advantage of SVC is that most viruses can be identified in 18 to 48 h, compared with 4 to 14 days for traditional tube culture (75). The disadvantage of SVC is that some viruses do not replicate robustly in R-Mix cells, and if viruses need to be recovered for further analysis, they need to be passaged in R-Mix Too cells or primary monkey kidney cells (228).…”

Section: Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Molecular Methods

2008

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SUMMARY Clinical laboratories historically diagnose seven or eight respiratory virus infections using a combination of techniques including enzyme immunoassay, direct fluorescent antibody staining, cell culture, and nucleic acid amplification tests. With the discovery of six new respiratory viruses since 2000, laboratories are faced with the challenge of detecting up to 19 different viruses that cause acute respiratory disease of both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The application of nucleic acid amplification technology, particularly multiplex PCR coupled with fluidic or fixed microarrays, provides an important new approach for the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in a single test. These multiplex amplification tests provide a sensitive and comprehensive approach for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in individual hospitalized patients and the identification of the etiological agent in outbreaks of respiratory tract infection in the community. This review describes the molecular methods used to detect respiratory viruses and discusses the contribution that molecular testing, especially multiplex PCR, has made to our ability to detect respiratory viruses and to increase our understanding of the roles of various viral agents in acute respiratory disease.

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Section: Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Molecular Methods

2008

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“…By changing the cell line grown on the coverslip and the specificity of the MAbs used for staining, detection of other viruses was easily facilitated. HSV (63), influenza virus (45,130), mumps virus (56), various respiratory viruses (108,117,126), enteroviruses (155), adenoviruses (155), dengue virus (136), and VZV (15,161) have been isolated in shell vials. Recent studies by Landry et al (85) demonstrated the ability to detect hMPV by day 2 postinoculation in A549, HEp-2, and LLC-MK2 shell vials when stained with a MAb (MAb 8510; Chemicon International, Temecula, CA) to hMPV matrix protein.…”

Section: Centrifugation-enhanced Inoculation and Pre-cpe Detection Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Cell Culture for Virus Detection in the Age of Technology

2007

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SUMMARY Viral disease diagnosis has traditionally relied on the isolation of viral pathogens in cell cultures. Although this approach is often slow and requires considerable technical expertise, it has been regarded for decades as the “gold standard” for the laboratory diagnosis of viral disease. With the development of nonculture methods for the rapid detection of viral antigens and/or nucleic acids, the usefulness of viral culture has been questioned. This review describes advances in cell culture-based viral diagnostic products and techniques, including the use of newer cell culture formats, cryopreserved cell cultures, centrifugation-enhanced inoculation, precytopathogenic effect detection, cocultivated cell cultures, and transgenic cell lines. All of these contribute to more efficient and less technically demanding viral detection in cell culture. Although most laboratories combine various culture and nonculture approaches to optimize viral disease diagnosis, virus isolation in cell culture remains a useful approach, especially when a viable isolate is needed, if viable and nonviable virus must be differentiated, when infection is not characteristic of any single virus (i.e., when testing for only one virus is not sufficient), and when available culture-based methods can provide a result in a more timely fashion than molecular methods.

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“…Human influenza A virus strains are further'clas&ied in the subtypes HlNl, H3N2 and the presently not circulating H2N2 subtype, based on the antigenic differences of the hemagglutinin (H) and the neuraminidase (N) surface proteins. Laboratory diagnosis of infections with influenza virus is mainly performed by culturing a respiratory sample, nasopharyngeal aspirates or swabs, for 16 24 h, with, subsequently, an immunofluorescent analysis of the propagated virus or by direct immunofluorescence (Espy et al, 1986;Stokes et al, 1988). Recently, the polymerase chain reaction '(PCR) has ,b&n used for detection of numerous pathogens and the"technique appeared to be very sensitive and specific (Wright and Wynford-Thomas, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type-specific identification of influenza viruses A, B and C by the polymerase chain reaction

Claas

Sprenger

Kletera

et al. 1992

Journal of Virological Methods

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The aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction for specific detection of influenza A, B, and C RNA genomes. Three primer sets were selected from conserved regions of the genome coding for the non-structural proteins and were tested on 61 influenza A (22 H1N1, 9 H2N2, and 30 H3N2), 11 influenza B, and three influenza C isolates. Specific amplified products were obtained with all these strains after electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel. The specificity of the reaction was increased by hybridization with oligonucleotide probes. When nucleic acids from a variety of micro-organisms from the respiratory tract were subjected to the PCR with these primers, no specific amplified products were generated. The sensitivity of the technique was found to be at the subpicogram level. The RNA-PCR was applied to 21 clinical specimens from patients with a culture/IF proven influenza infection. Six influenza A positive patients and 13 influenza B positive patients could be confirmed in the RNA-PCR. In two cases, influenza B positive IF specimens were found negative by the PCR. No virus could be isolated on eggs or tissue culture from these samples. RNA-PCR is a specific and sensitive technique for the detection of influenza virus genomes.

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Rapid detection of influenza virus by shell vial assay with monoclonal antibodies

Cited by 107 publications

References 12 publications

Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Molecular Methods

Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Molecular Methods

Role of Cell Culture for Virus Detection in the Age of Technology

Type-specific identification of influenza viruses A, B and C by the polymerase chain reaction

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