Rapid Separation of Microorganisms by Quartz Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis

Shintani, Tomoyoshi; Takasu, Masaki; Sato, Hiroaki; Tao, Hiroaki; Manabe, Takashi

doi:10.2116/analsci.21.57

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The CE community is currently working toward the development of even faster methodologies. Shintani et al [33] have developed a microchip capillary electrophoretic assay for separating and detecting microorganisms in less than 3 min. Liu et al [34] have reported promising results using CIEF followed by whole-column imaging detection.…”

Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis

Košťál

Arriaga

2008

Electrophoresis

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Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis

Košťál

Arriaga

2008

Electrophoresis

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“…For this reason, specialized devices such as the CCD camera or different types of microscopes or microfluidic devices have been used. [25][26][27] In 1996, Preisler and Yeung first examined changes in the EOF in a fused-silica capillary during electrophoresis by using PEO dissolved in the running buffer. 28 An imaging CCD camera was used to follow the motion of a fluorescent neutral marker zone.…”

Section: Observing Bacterial Migration Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shintani and co-workers developed and optimized a system coupling microcapillary electrophoresis (MCE) and LIF detection for the analysis of bacteria. 25 They successfully separated pure cultures of lactic bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae within 200 seconds by adding 0.05% of sodium alginate and 0.1% NaCl. 25 30 By using a fused-silica capillary dynamically coated with methylcellulose, they analyzed Lactobacillus casei and tobacco mosaic virus.…”

Section: Observing Bacterial Migration Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 They successfully separated pure cultures of lactic bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae within 200 seconds by adding 0.05% of sodium alginate and 0.1% NaCl. 25 30 By using a fused-silica capillary dynamically coated with methylcellulose, they analyzed Lactobacillus casei and tobacco mosaic virus. However, there was no separation of the different species of microorganisms because all of them moved together with the EOF.…”

Section: Observing Bacterial Migration Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Kłodzińska

Buszewski

2008

Anal. Chem.

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Achievements in bacteria analysis with electromigration techniques may improve medical diagnoses, detection of food contamination, and sterility testing. (To listen to a podcast about this feature, please go to the Analytical Chemistry website at pubs.acs.org/ac.)An important research problem in the modern clinical laboratory is the discovery of new biomarkers, the presence of which can indicate a particular disease state; for example, the presence of an antibody may indicate an infection. The complex nature of biological samples and the low concentrations of analytes demand a system with high sensitivity and efficiency. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is such a system, and it promises to rival HPLC when applied to the separation of charged and neutral species in biochemistry, pharmaceutical science, bioscience, ion analysis, food analysis, environmental science, medical diagnosis, and clinical settings. 1,2 One area in which CZE may have an inherent advantage over HPLC is the analysis of small particles of colloidal sizes, such as cells.The rapid and sensitive determination of pathogenic microorganisms is extremely important in biotechnology, quality control of probiotics, and bacterial analysis, but it is critical for early and effective disease management and antimicrobial therapy, especially for infant patients, whose immunological systems are not fully developed. Some microbes are active ingredients in health products, medicines, and supplements. On the other hand, some pathogenic microorganisms can be considered possible biological warfare agents and constitute a significant cause of death in many countries (Bacillus anthracis, Rickettsia rickettsii, and Salmonella typhi). 2 Biological weapons include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins found in nature that can be used to kill or injure people. Pathogenic bacteria are the most common causes of food-and water-borne illnesses.However, conventional microbiological techniques of bacterial identification, culture, and isolation by biochemical and serological assay are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, fast and selective analytical techniques that more rapidly and effectively determine microbial contamination or infection are required. In this article, we summarize the most important achievements in microbial separation by electromigration techniques and describe the different applications. ORIGIN OF MICROBIAL CHARGESmall viruses have diameters in the range of several tens of nanometers. Bacteria are generally larger, some by a factor of 100, and the increased size leads to increased complexity. Viruses exist mainly in helical and/or icosahedral forms, whereas bacteria can adopt an enormous variety of shapes and sizes, both among and within species. These physiological differences can make the characterization and identification of bacterial cells by electromigration techniques more difficult (Figure 1a). The microbial surface charge originates from the ionization of surface molecules and the adsorption of ions from solution. Bacterial cell wal...

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“…In this study, we used PAA membranes (Anodisk, 100-nm-diameter pores, 60-mm thick, Whatman) as stationary phase in the chromatography chip and tested whether PAA membranes can function as chromatographic columns in chip system. The chromatography chip, which has been intensively studied, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] is a small tool that can function as chromatographic system. Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the experimental setup for chromatographic measurements and a picture of a chip.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Nanometre-order Diameter Columns inside Porous Anodic Alumina for Chromatography Chip System

Yamashita¹,

Kodama²,

Ohto³

et al. 2007

Chemistry Letters

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Porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes were used as a nanometre-order diameter column for chromatography chip with acetonitrile-water mobile phase using gradient elution. In a chromatogram, 9-anthracenemethanol (AM), 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (AC), and dansyl-glycine (DG) showed different retention times, indicating that PAA membranes are applicable to stationary phase for chromatography chip.Porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes, 1-5 which consist of a self-assembled honeycomb array of uniformly sized parallel channels, have attracted considerable interest in various areas such as electronics, chemistry, and biomedical science because of their ordered structure, superior resistance to organic solvents, and potentially low cost. The diameter of PAA channels can range from about ten to several hundred nanometers, and membrane thickness is 10 to 100 mm. When solutes permeate through the PAA membrane, the interior of the columnar channels interacts with the solutes molecules. The elution of solutes from the channels depends on the strength of the interaction with the interior.6 Alumina is widely used for chromatographic matrix in liquid chromatography, and its chromatographic properties have been studied in detail. [7][8][9] However, few studies have been carried out on the utilization of PAA in liquid chromatography.A PAA membrane is very thin, which is favorable for reducing the sizes of analysis systems. In this study, we used PAA membranes (Anodisk, 100-nm-diameter pores, 60-mm thick, Whatman) as stationary phase in the chromatography chip and tested whether PAA membranes can function as chromatographic columns in chip system. The chromatography chip, which has been intensively studied, 10-21 is a small tool that can function as chromatographic system. Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of the experimental setup for chromatographic measurements and a picture of a chip. Five PAA membranes were set in the chip as stationary phase.24 Glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG, Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) was used for the chip substrate. As solute molecules, 9-anthracenemethanol (AM), 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (AC), and dansyl-glycine (DG) were selected. The chromatograms of each solute were presented in Figure 2. The retention times of each solute were different, indicating that PAA membranes can function as chromatographic columns with acetonitrile-water mobile phase.The retention time reflects the strength of the interaction between solutes and interior of the nanochannels. The strength of the interaction was measured by putting a solution of the solutes to be tested in two bottles, one with one without a PAA mem-

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Rapid Separation of Microorganisms by Quartz Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis

Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis

Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Utilization of Nanometre-order Diameter Columns inside Porous Anodic Alumina for Chromatography Chip System

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