Re-establishment of the stress response in Gallus domesticus after hatching

Freeman, B. M.; Manning, A.C.C.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(84)90144-0

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It has been suggested that the SHRP functions as an adaptive mechanism to tightly control glucocorticoid levels in the neonate. In chickens, a lack of response to stress in the newly hatched chick has also been reported, with the response being slowly re-established after 1-2 d (37). This short period of low CRF mRNA levels is, however, not consistent with the increasing levels of CRF protein we observed in the diencephalon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Molecular Cloning and Developmental Expression of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Chicken

et al. 2005

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We have characterized the structure of the chicken corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene through cDNA cloning and genomic sequence analysis, and we analyzed the expression of CRF mRNA and peptide in the diencephalon of the chick throughout embryonic development. The structure of the chicken CRF gene is similar to other vertebrate CRF genes and contains two exons and a single intron. The primary structure of the mature chicken CRF peptide is identical to human and rat CRF. This is the first archosaurian CRF gene to be characterized. We used RIAs to analyze CRF peptide content in the diencephalon and the median eminence and plasma corticosterone during the last week of embryonic development. We also developed a semiquantitative RT-PCR method to analyze the expression of CRF mRNA during the same period. CRF peptide content in the diencephalon increased, whereas peptide content in the ME decreased just before hatching, suggesting that release and biosynthesis are coupled. Plasma corticosterone concentration significantly increased between embryonic d 20 and the first day post hatch. By contrast, CRF mRNA levels in the diencephalon decreased just before hatching. Changes in CRF production just before hatching may be causally related to the regulation of the thyroid and interrenal axes at this stage of chicken development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Molecular Cloning and Developmental Expression of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Chicken

et al. 2005

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“…We have no data to show whether the HPA axis was fully functional before hatch in Magellanic penguin chicks and whether the lack of a stress response shortly after hatch is part of a hyporesponsive period. Regardless, life-history characteristics do appear to play a role, for in precocial species, the period of hyporesponsiveness is either absent or greatly reduced (Freeman and Manning 1984;Sapolsky and Meaney 1986;Holmes et al 1989). Precocial chicks could likely benefit from the effects of glucocorticosteroids in escape or surviving perturbations, and a well-developed stress response for precocial young is not limited to avian species.…”

Section: Stress Response In Growing Chicksmentioning

confidence: 91%

Age and Food Deprivation Affects Expression of the Glucocorticosteroid Stress Response in Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) Chicks

Walker

Wingfield

Boersma

2005

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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We examined how the glucocortical stress response in free-living Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) chicks changes with age and whether adrenocortical function of chicks within a brood varies in relation to food provisioned by adults. Chicks showed little corticosterone response to capture stress shortly after hatching, an intermediate response around 45-d posthatch, and a robust stress response near fledging. However, in response to an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge, hatchlings were capable of secreting corticosterone at adult-like levels. The larger sibling in broods of two showed a similar gradual stress-response development pattern. In contrast, by day 45, when differences in body condition were well established between siblings, the smaller, food-deprived chicks significantly increased baseline levels of corticosterone but showed normal stress-induced levels. Near fledging, baseline levels had returned to normal, but stress-induced levels were lower than expected. Similar to altricial species, normally developing semialtricial Magellanic penguin chicks do not express a robust corticosterone stress response until near fledging. Chronic stressors such as food deprivation cause corticosterone use to be up-regulated earlier than expected. However, in cases of extended chronic stress, down-regulation may ensue, thus avoiding the negative effects of chronically elevated levels of corticosterone.

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“…These results differ fi-om previous studies investigating the existence of SHRP in altricial birds because previous studies observed a gradual Bias et al 2006;Wada et al 2007). Most mammals and precocial birds show a SHRP during development (Freeman and Flack 1980;Freeman 1982;Freeman and Manning 1984;Sapolsky and Meaney 1986;Walker et al 2001). Implicit in tbe name is the indication that hormone levels will go down at some time during development wben tbe animal is hyposensitive to stress.…”

Section: Ontogeny Of the Adrenocortical Response In Zebra Finchesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For instance, precocial chickens and turkeys show an adrenocortical response to heat stress before hatching (lacobs 1996). However, heat and/or cold stress does not elicit a response again until 2 d post-hatch, indicating that the SHRP lasts for -48 h (Freeman and Flack 1980;Freeman 1982;Freeman and Manning 1984). Among a couple of semialtriciai species studied, nestlings show a gradual increase in the magnitude of the adrenocortical response during the nestling period (Love et al 2003;Walker et al 2005ii).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ontogeny and Individual Variation in the Adrenocortical Response of Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Nestlings

Wada¹,

Salvante²,

Wagner³

et al. 2009

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Numerous studies indicate interspecies variation in the ontogeny of the adrenocortical response in birds; however, little is known about the extent of interindividual variation in avian young. Toward this end, we examined the ontogeny and interindividual variation in the adrenocortical response in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) nestlings. We measured baseline and stress-induced total (bound and free) corticosterone, corticosteroid binding globulin capacity, and resulting estimated free corticosterone levels in nestlings of four different ages (days 5, 10, 16, and 21). In addition, we investigated the potential correlates of interindividual variation (brood size and mass). Nestlings at days 5 and 10 post-hatching showed no significant increase in total or free corticosterone levels in response to a standardized handling stress, whereas an adult-like stress response was seen by day 16 post-hatching. There was large interindividual (fivefold) variation in both baseline and stress-induced corticosterone among individual nestlings at any age. We estimate that half of this individual variation in the adrenocortical response could be explained by between-clutch variation (e.g., genetics), while the other half could be explained by other factors such as rearing environment (based on estimated intraclass correlation coefficients). Total baseline corticosterone, but not stress-induced corticosterone, was negatively correlated with fledging mass in this species.

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Re-establishment of the stress response in Gallus domesticus after hatching

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular Cloning and Developmental Expression of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Chicken

Molecular Cloning and Developmental Expression of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Chicken

Age and Food Deprivation Affects Expression of the Glucocorticosteroid Stress Response in Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) Chicks

Ontogeny and Individual Variation in the Adrenocortical Response of Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata) Nestlings

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