“…Electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) is a useful method for studying these reflexes in animal experiments. A brief pulse train (100 Hz) applied to the SLN elicits inspiration-toexpiration phase switching (Iscoe, Feldman & Cohen, 1979), whereas continuous pulses at a lower frequency (3-30 Hz) evoke swallowing (Doty, 1951;Miller & Loizzi, 1974;Amri, Car & Jean, 1984) and coughing (Mori & Sakai, 1972;Iscoe & Grelot, 1992), as well as prolonged apnoea (Remmers, Richter, Ballantyne, Rainton & Klein, 1986). Recent studies have introduced methods to evoke fictive coughing (Grelot & Milano, 1991;Bolser, 1991), fictive swallowing (Nishino, Honda, Kohchi, Shirahata & Yonezawa, 1985;Dick, Oku, Romaniuk & Cherniack, 1993), or both (Grelot, Milano, Portillo, Miller & Bianchi, 1992) in paralysed and artificially ventilated animals.…”