2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0829-0
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Realization of a three-dimensional photonic topological insulator

Abstract: Confining photons in a finite volume is in high demand in modern photonic devices. This motivated decades ago the invention of photonic crystals, featured with a photonic bandgap forbidding light propagation in all directions 1-3 . Recently, inspired by the discoveries of topological insulators (TIs) 4,5 , the confinement of photons with topological protection has been demonstrated in two-dimensional (2D) photonic structures known as photonic TIs 6-8 , with promising applications in topological lasers 9,10 and… Show more

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Cited by 334 publications
(197 citation statements)
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“…Near such a point, the Bloch waves are governed by the same Dirac Hamiltonian that describes a two-component massless relativistic fermion [1][2][3] . It is well known that the bandstructure of the 2D material graphene [1][2][3] possesses Dirac points at the two inequivalent corners of its hexagonal Brillouin zone (BZ), and similar pairs of Dirac points have been realized in optical lattices [4][5][6] as well as classical acoustic [7][8][9] , photonic [10][11][12][13][14][15] , and plasmonic 16,17 structures. In 2D systems preserving time-reversal symmetry (T), Dirac points necessarily occur in pairs 18 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Near such a point, the Bloch waves are governed by the same Dirac Hamiltonian that describes a two-component massless relativistic fermion [1][2][3] . It is well known that the bandstructure of the 2D material graphene [1][2][3] possesses Dirac points at the two inequivalent corners of its hexagonal Brillouin zone (BZ), and similar pairs of Dirac points have been realized in optical lattices [4][5][6] as well as classical acoustic [7][8][9] , photonic [10][11][12][13][14][15] , and plasmonic 16,17 structures. In 2D systems preserving time-reversal symmetry (T), Dirac points necessarily occur in pairs 18 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Topological photonics has arrested a great deal of interest with intriguing optical phenomena associated with the topological edge states (TESs) . Nontrivial TESs have been well revealed in two‐dimensional (2D) photonic topological insulators, which demonstrated very good robustness to structural defects or scatterers with one‐way propagations .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, numerous distinct topological states have been demonstrated in classical wave systems 18,19 such as photonic crystals [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and phononic crystals 29 8 and photonic systems 28 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%