Recent advances and perspectives in next generation sequencing application to the genetic research of type 2 diabetes

Nasykhova, Yulia A.; Barbitoff, Yury A.; Serebryakova, Elena; Katserov, Dmitry S; Glotov, Andrey S.

doi:10.4239/wjd.v10.i7.376

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…T2D etiology is known to have a significant genetic component that is confirmed by family- and twin-based studies [ 4 ]. The development of high-throughput and affordable genotyping technologies, statistical tools and computational software has led to the remarkable progress in the search for genetic associations in recent years [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Since the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for T2D identified novel susceptibility loci in 2007, more than 100 T2D susceptibility loci have been discovered [ 10 ].…”

Section: Pharmacogenetic Studies In Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics of Type 2 Diabetes—Progress and Prospects

Nasykhova

Tonyan

Михайлова

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from insulin resistance and progressively reduced insulin secretion, which leads to impaired glucose utilization, dyslipidemia and hyperinsulinemia and progressive pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and nowadays T2D already became a global epidemic. The well-known interindividual variability of T2D drug actions such as biguanides, sulfonylureas/meglitinides, DPP-4 inhibitors/GLP1R agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors may be caused, among other things, by genetic factors. Pharmacogenetic findings may aid in identifying new drug targets and obtaining in-depth knowledge of the causes of disease and its physiological processes, thereby, providing an opportunity to elaborate an algorithm for tailor or precision treatment. The aim of this article is to summarize recent progress and discoveries for T2D pharmacogenetics and to discuss the factors which limit the furthering accumulation of genetic variability knowledge in patient response to therapy that will allow improvement the personalized treatment of T2D.

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Section: Pharmacogenetic Studies In Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics of Type 2 Diabetes—Progress and Prospects

Nasykhova

Tonyan

Михайлова

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Despite the primary role of environmental factors such as smoking, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyle in T2DM development and progression, the basis for genetic susceptibility has also been investigated ( 19-21 ). As might be expected, many genes regulating host metabolism and hormonal regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism have been associated with T2DM ( 20 ). However, genetic variation accounts for only a small proportion of risk of developing T2DM, and environmental factors play a predominant role in driving the progression of this slowly developing disease ( Fig.…”

Section: Type II Diabetes Mellitus Etiology Pathogenesis and The Romentioning

confidence: 78%

The Gut Microbial Endocrine Organ in Type 2 Diabetes

Massey

Brown

2020

Endocrinology

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Historically, the focus of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) research has been on host metabolism and hormone action. However, emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome, commensal microbes that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, also play a significant role in T2DM pathogenesis. Specifically, gut microbes metabolize what is available to them through the host diet to produce small molecule metabolites that can have endocrine-like effects on human cells. In fact, the meta-organismal crosstalk between gut microbe-generated metabolites and host receptor systems may represent an untapped therapeutic target for those at risk for or suffering from T2DM. Recent evidence suggests that gut microbe-derived metabolites can impact host adiposity, insulin resistance, and hormone secretion to collectively impact T2DM progression. Here we review the current evidence that structurally diverse gut microbe-derived metabolites, including short chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, aromatic metabolites, trimethylamine-N-oxide, polyamines, and N-acyl amides, that can engage with host receptors in an endocrine-like manner to promote host metabolic disturbance associated with T2DM. Although these microbe-host signaling circuits are not as well understood as host hormonal signaling, they hold untapped potential as new druggable targets to improve T2DM complications. Whether drugs that selectively target meta-organismal endocrinology will be safe and efficacious in treating T2DM is a key new question in the field of endocrinology. Here we discuss the opportunities and challenges in targeting the gut microbial endocrine organ for the treatment of diabetes and potentially many other diseases where diet-microbe-host interactions play a contributory role.

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“…Some of them are: (1) mapping of rare as well as common genetic variants (e.g., identification of COBLL1 and MACF1 from Danish population studies), (2) identification of epigenetic markers (e.g., TCF7L2 as blood biomarker), (3) RNA-Seq mediated transcriptional profiling of cellular and tissue samples (e.g., identification of miR-375 RNA affecting genes of pancreatic islets), etc. [4,41,89,126].…”

Section: Type II Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes: discovery of insulin, genetic, epigenetic and viral infection mediated regulation

Ghosh

Mahalanobish

Sil

2021

Nucleus

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Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a combination of many metabolic diseases. Insulin deficiency in our body is the main cause of diabetes. Insulin is one of the most well studied proteins, yet the genesis of its discovery was not getting much attention so far. Nevertheless, the history of the discovery of insulin is an exemplary of solving observational and scientific riddles, drudgery, patience and even professional turmoil. It is an inspiration for all medical personnel and scientists who are practising in the field of molecular medicine. Additionally, the genetic and epigenetic regulation of different types of diabetes needs to be addressed because of the widespread nature of the disease. Diabetes not only involves genetic predisposition but environmental factors, lifestyle etc. can be the major contributor for its inception. Nonetheless, viral infections at an early age are also found to trigger the onset of type I diabetes. In this review article, the history of the discovery of insulin is detailed along with the justification for the genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of diabetes and explained how viral infections can also trigger the onset of diabetes.

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Recent advances and perspectives in next generation sequencing application to the genetic research of type 2 diabetes

Cited by 18 publications

References 162 publications

Pharmacogenetics of Type 2 Diabetes—Progress and Prospects

Pharmacogenetics of Type 2 Diabetes—Progress and Prospects

The Gut Microbial Endocrine Organ in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes: discovery of insulin, genetic, epigenetic and viral infection mediated regulation

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