Recent advances in CE‐MS coupling: Instrumentation, methodology, and applications

Abstract

This review focuses on the latest development of microseparation electromigration methods in capillaries and microfluidic devices coupled with MS for detection and identification of important analytes. It is a continuation of the review article on the same topic by Kleparnik (Electrophoresis 2015, 36, 159-178). A wide selection of 161 relevant articles covers the literature published from June 2014 till May 2016. New improvements in the instrumentation and methodology of MS interfaced with capillary or microfluidic versions of zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, and isoelectric focusing are described in detail. The most frequently implemented MS ionization methods include electrospray ionization, matrix-assisted desorption/ionization and inductively coupled plasma ionization. Although the main attention is paid to the development of instrumentation and methodology, representative examples illustrate also applications in the proteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, biomarker research, forensics, pharmacology, food analysis, and single-cell analysis. The combinations of MS with capillary versions of electrochromatography, and micellar electrokinetic chromatography are not included.

Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry: Instrumentation, methodology and applications

“…This article belongs to a series of regularly published articles and represents a continuation of the latest review in this series by Týčová et al. . Due to the vast number of publications using chip‐based electrophoretic separations, these are not covered here and specific reviews to recent developments on this subject are available elsewhere .…”

Coupling of CE‐MS for protein and peptide analysis

“…Some interesting new ideas are fritless SPE microcartridges when the diameter is large enough to prevent their entrance into the separation capillary . Dovichi's group described another possibility for improved sensitivity in the analysis of proteins/peptides (at the bottom‐up analysis of proteins)—detachable SCX monolith, integrated with CZE and coupled with pH gradient elution .…”

Do the complementarities of electrokinetic and chromatographic procedures represent the “Swiss knife” in proteomic investigation? An overview of the literature in the past decade

“…Compared to in‐gel electrokinetic techniques, CE has a number of advantages which include higher sensitivity, speed, ease of automation, separation power, and small sample consumption [85–88]. The coupling of this technique with LC was shown to improve the protein sequence coverage by more than 200% for proteins from both standard and complex mixtures . Nevertheless, since the use of CE‐MS is often limited by the presence of detergents in the background electrolyte, several innovations still need to be made to attract increasing attention for advanced protein analyses workflows in combination with liquid chromatographic strategies.…”