Recent advances in stimuli-responsive polymers for sensing and actuation

Hu, Liang; Shu, Tong; Wan, Yu; Fang, Changhao; Gao, Feng; Serpe, Michael J.

doi:10.1039/d0me00133c

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Dynamic materials, a class of engineering materials whose properties can vary in space and time, are the key components in smart devices that are capable of translating electrical, chemical, mechanical, or other stimuli such as light, pH, temperature, and humidity into a mechanical response by reconfiguration or actuation. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Their chemical structures and engineering design can vary greatly, and are matched to their natural time of response and related characteristics such as operation frequency, efficiency, and cyclability. [37,40,41] Traditionally, phase transitions in organic crystals have been implicitly assumed to be slow because their structural units are connected by intermolecular interactions that are weaker than the metallic bonds in metals and alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic materials, a class of engineering materials whose properties can vary in space and time, are the key components in smart devices that are capable of translating electrical, chemical, mechanical, or other stimuli such as light, pH, temperature, and humidity into a mechanical response by reconfiguration or actuation. [ 1–10 ] Their chemical structures and engineering design can vary greatly, and are matched to the activating stimulus and target application—temperature can be easily activated and controlled, irradiation provides accurate spatiotemporal control, chemical detection brings about useful sensing capabilities, and response to changes in solvent conditions holds potential for bioanalytical applications. [ 11–23 ] Contrary to natural dynamic materials, which are normally composite tissues, the artificial dynamic materials are designed and manufactured by modern fabrication technologies, while aiming to maintain strict control over the underlying dynamic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrafast, Light, Soft Martensitic Materials

Ahmed¹,

Karothu²,

Slimani

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Martensitic transformations are well documented in metals and alloys where the atoms connected via metallic bonds rearrange concertedly and rapidly; however, due to the metal atoms, these materials are inherently very dense and add significant weight and bulkiness to actuating devices. Here, remarkably rapid lattice switching of molecular martensitic materials is reported where the rate of structural transformation exceeds other phase transitions several orders of magnitude. With a determined speed in the range of 0.3-0.6 m s −1 , the new phase advances throughout the crystal about ten thousand times faster relative to spin-crossover transitions, and about hundred to hundred thousand times faster than other common structural phase transitions. Macroscopic crystals of these materials respond by rapid expansion or contraction of about 0.02 m s −1 for unrestrained crystals and 0.02-0.03 m s −1 for clamped crystals. Monte-Carlo simulation of the spatiotemporal profile of the transition and of the local distribution of elastic and kinetic energies induced by domain growth reveals the critical role of the dynamic phase boundary and the lattice edges in the structure switching. Within a broader context, this study indicates that the martensitic organic crystals are prospective lightweight substitutes of metals for ultrafast and clean energy transduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic materials, a class of engineering materials whose properties can vary in space and time, are the key components in smart devices that are capable of translating electrical, chemical, mechanical, or other stimuli such as light, pH, temperature, and humidity into a mechanical response by reconfiguration or actuation. [ 1–10 ] Their chemical structures and engineering design can vary greatly, and are matched to the activating stimulus and target application—temperature can be easily activated and controlled, irradiation provides accurate spatiotemporal control, chemical detection brings about useful sensing capabilities, and response to changes in solvent conditions holds potential for bioanalytical applications. [ 11–23 ] Contrary to natural dynamic materials, which are normally composite tissues, the artificial dynamic materials are designed and manufactured by modern fabrication technologies, while aiming to maintain strict control over the underlying dynamic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast, Light, Soft Martensitic Materials

Ahmed¹,

Karothu²,

Slimani

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Stimuli-responsive materials are applied to sensing devices. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Polydiacetylene (PDA) exhibits color changes with application of external stimuli, such as heat, light, and force. [7][8][9][10][11] External stimuli induce motion of the macromolecules and subsequent torsion of the π-conjugated PDA main chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Layered Polydiacetylene Containing Hydrogen‐Bonding 4,4′‐Bipyridyl Guests: Reversible Color Changes with a Wide‐Range Temperature Response

2021

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Layered organic polymers have intercalation capabilities and dynamic properties. In classical intercalation chemistry, the interlayer guests are intercalated in the host layers via electrostatic interaction. The present work shows the organic layered materials with the host-guest interlayer interaction via hydrogen bond. Polydiacetylene (PDA) exhibits color changes from blue to red with the application of external stimuli, such as thermal and mechanical stresses. Here we report on a layered PDA containing 4,4'-bipyridyl in the interlayer space as a hydrogen-bonding guest. Whereas the layered PDA without interlayer guest shows the color transition at 65 °C, gradual color changes with two-stage reversibility are observed in the temperature range of À 20-240 °C by the introduction of the hydrogen-bonding guest. The weaker interlayer interaction via the hydrogen bond promotes the dynamic motion directing the thermoresponsive color changes in a wide temperature range.

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“…The careful design of smart systems has opened new perspectives for the conception of next generation of highly functional materials in various domains [2,3]. The chemical toolbox is thereby comprised of a large array of molecular groups that can be finely modified/adapted for the creation of stimuli responsive drug delivery systems, sensors, smart surfaces or purification devices [4,5]. Typically, the responsivity of these compounds is triggered by varied stimuli such as a change of temperature [6], pH [7], magnetic environment [8], redox condition [9], photo-irradiation [10] and many others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimuli Responsive Materials Supported by Orthogonal Hydrogen and Halogen Bonding or I···Alkene Interaction

Frangville¹,

Kumar²,

Gelbcke³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Smart materials represent an elegant class of (macro)-molecules endowed with the ability to react to chemical/physical changes in the environment. Herein, we prepared new photo responsive azobenzenes possessing halogen bond donor groups. The X-ray structures of two molecules highlight supramolecular organizations governed by unusual noncovalent bonds. In azo dye I-azo-NO2, the nitro group is engaged in orthogonal H···O···I halogen and hydrogen bonding, linking the units in parallel undulating chains. As far as compound I-azo-NH-MMA is concerned, a non-centrosymmetric pattern is formed due to a very rare I···π interaction involving the alkene group supplemented by hydrogen bonds. The Cambridge Structural Database contains only four structures showing the same I···CH2=C contact. For all compounds, an 19F-NMR spectroscopic analysis confirms the formation of halogen bonds in solution through a recognition process with chloride anion, and the reversible photo-responsiveness is demonstrated upon exposing a solution to UV light irradiation. Finally, the intermediate I–azo–NH2 also shows a pronounced color change due to pH variation. These azobenzenes are thereby attractive building blocks to design future multi-stimuli responsive materials for highly functional devices.

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Recent advances in stimuli-responsive polymers for sensing and actuation

Abstract: Stimuli-responsive polymers (SRPs) are capable of changing their solubility, conformation, and volume in response to external stimuli. Here, we detail how SRPs can be used for sensing and actuation, and focus on the response mechanism.

Cited by 24 publications

References 94 publications

Ultrafast, Light, Soft Martensitic Materials

Ultrafast, Light, Soft Martensitic Materials

A Layered Polydiacetylene Containing Hydrogen‐Bonding 4,4′‐Bipyridyl Guests: Reversible Color Changes with a Wide‐Range Temperature Response

Stimuli Responsive Materials Supported by Orthogonal Hydrogen and Halogen Bonding or I···Alkene Interaction

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