Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Cyanogenic Glycosides

Eyjolfsson, Reynir

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-7123-3_2

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…7) Center African cassava flour contains sufficient quantities of cyanogens. When cassava is the staple part of the diet, the human daily consumption is equivalent to about one-half the lethal dose, which probably is thought to be the reason for the widespread and chronic neurological disorders called "konzo" found in this area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When cassava is the staple part of the diet, the human daily consumption is equivalent to about one-half the lethal dose, which probably is thought to be the reason for the widespread and chronic neurological disorders called "konzo" found in this area. 7) In addition, the cyanide production has been observed in a wide range of fungi, such as Phaeolepiota aurea, Rozites caperatus, Leucopaxillus giganteus, and Pleurocybella porringens (Sugihiratake), 8) although there are no reports to describe the cyanide content in these fungi. Some reports suggested that the cyanide production in fungi could be associated with snow mold disease and fairy ring disease in some plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Sugihiratake Mushroom Using HPLC Method with Fluorometric Detection

Akiyama¹,

Toida

Sakai

et al. 2006

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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A novel type of encephalopathy occurred in patients with chronic kidney diseases, which was associated with the ingestion of the Sugihiratake mushroom during the fall of 2004 in Japan. We attempted to investigate whether cyanide and thiocyanate are present in the Sugihiratake samples and determined the cyanide and thiocyanate levels in fifteen samples collected from different Japanese districts using HPLC with fluorometric detection. The cyanide ions and thiocyanate ions were detected in the ranges of N.D.-114.0 and N.D.-17.0 g/g in the samples, respectively. This is the first study to quantitatively detect cyanide and thiocyanate in the Sugihiratake mushrooms. This result demonstrated that cyanide exposure could occur from the intake of Sugihiratake mushrooms in one's diet. Furthermore, we discussed the possible association between cyanide and the onset of encephalopathy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Sugihiratake Mushroom Using HPLC Method with Fluorometric Detection

Akiyama¹,

Toida

Sakai

et al. 2006

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…Most cyanogenic glucosides are biosynthesized from amino acids via aldoxime, nitrile, and a-hydroxynitrile (3,4). Further, HCN produced upon degradation of the glucosides is effectively incorporated as j3-cyanoalanine, which is in turn converted to asparagine (2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of cyanogenic glucosides (3,4). Hydrogen cyanide derived from the hydrolysis of the glucosides is effectively incorporated again into amino acid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of ^|^beta;-Cyanoalanine Synthase Activity by Growth Inhibitors from Peach Roots

Mizutani

Hirota

Kadoya

1988

Engei Gakkai zasshi

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SummaryThe effect of growth inhibitors from peach roots on the activity of j3-cyanoalanine synthase was investigated. A positive correlation was found between the condensed tannin content and the inhibition of 13-cyanoalanine synthase activity in the fractions of extract of peach roots. Ethyl-acetate-soluble neutral fraction, which showed the highest content of condensed tannins and the greatest inhibition of the enzyme activity, was further separated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Fractions containing high condensed tannins reduced the growth of rice seedlings and suppressed the activity of Q-cyanoalanine synthase. One of the purified biflavanols, which were isolated from peach roots as growth inhibitors, also inhibited the /3-cyanoalanine synthase activity. We inferred that when the growth inhibitors suppress this activity, the normal cyanide metabolism is disturbed, resulting in the accumulation of hydrogen cyanide in the tissues. Thus from an allelopathic point of view, the growth inhibitors derived from the root residues of preplanted peach trees adversely affect the growth of replanted trees by causing cyanogenesis in their roots.

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“…Ethanol extract was used for the detection of flavonoids (Wall et al 1954 andFarnsworth 1964). Sterols (Bhattacharjee and Das 1969), tannins (Wall et al 1954) and glycosides (Eyjolfesson 1970) were assessed following the reported methods. The absence, presence and abundance of different secondary metabolites in test samples were indicated by -, + and multiple of + signs, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical screening of some antidysenteric medicinal plants of Bangladesh

Alamgir

Fatema

2014

J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci.

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In this report, 40 antidysenteric medicinal plant species representing 24 families were considered for qualitative assessment of their secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, sterols and tannins. Alkaloids were present in all plant species, though in different degrees and the relative effectiveness of Dragendorffs' reagent was better than others. Distribution of flavonoids, glycosides, sterols and tannins was sporadic in different plant species except A. cepa, A. marmelos, I. coccinea, M. indica, S. dulcis and Z. officinale, where all these metabolites were present. Abundance and mode of distribution of secondary metabolites in different test plants and their organs were discussed.

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Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Cyanogenic Glycosides

Cited by 42 publications

References 78 publications

Determination of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Sugihiratake Mushroom Using HPLC Method with Fluorometric Detection

Determination of Cyanide and Thiocyanate in Sugihiratake Mushroom Using HPLC Method with Fluorometric Detection

Inhibition of ^|^beta;-Cyanoalanine Synthase Activity by Growth Inhibitors from Peach Roots

Phytochemical screening of some antidysenteric medicinal plants of Bangladesh

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