Recent developments in capabilities for analysing chlorinated paraffins in environmental matrices: A review

Human Exposure to Short- and Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins via Mothers’ Milk in Chinese Urban Population

“…36,37 SCCPs have been listed as priority hazardous substances by the European Union, and the production of SCCPs has been voluntarily reduced from 13 000 tons in 1994 to 4000 tons in 1998 by the European industrial sector. 9 Although SCCPs have been under review by the Stockholm Convention as candidate POPs since 2007, the production and use of CPs in China is currently not restricted in industrial activity. Annual production output grew 5-fold between 2004 and 2009, and reached a new high in 2015.…”

“…7 Although some information is available on the global occurrence of CPs in various environmental matrices, human exposure data remain scarcer, mainly because of the complexity of CP mixtures and analytical difficulties encountered when studying them. 8,9 Mothers' milk is a unique biological matrix for investigating the human exposure pathways of certain environmental contaminants, because it can provide exposure information for both the mother and breastfeeding infant. 10 The significance of mothers' milk as an exposure medium for humans has been shown for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs), 11 polybro-minated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs).…”

Quantification of short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples by gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

“…The quantification of CPs in environmental samples is challenging [4] due to the high complexity of the industrial mixtures and self-interference among the CPs. A number of different methods have been developed to date for the determination of SCCPs and MCCPs in a range of environmental matrices.…”

Distribution and congener profiles of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in indoor/outdoor glass window surface films and their film-air partitioning in Beijing, China

“…These contaminants have been included in regulatory programs from the US Environmental Protection Agency and the European Union (ECD, 2000) and now are candidates to be classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention. It is still impossible for prohibition of these products in recent future due to the lack of substitutes (De Boer, 2010) and the challenges in CPs analysis (Van Mourik et al, 2015).…”