Recent developments in investigating reaction chemistry and transport effects in biomass fast pyrolysis: A review

Ansari, Khursheed B.; Kamal, Bushra; Beg, Sidra; Khan, Aquib Wakeel; Khan, Mohd Shariq; Mesfer, Mohammed K. Al; Danish, Mohd

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111454

Cited by 62 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…The pyrolysis column was placed on a melamine board (6) fixed inside a laboratory niche. CO 2 from a gas tank (7) was fed into the pyrolysis column through a pipe (8), upflowed through the fixed bed material, and was discharged through a collecting pipe (9) along with the volatiles produced during the pyrolysis. The mixture of non-condensable gases and vapour was cooled in a Liebig condenser (10), resulting in a pyrolytic liquid and non-condensable gases.…”

Section: Equipment and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate water holding capacity (WHC), the following steps were performed [30]: (i) 20 g of biochar sample was placed in a glass recipient with glass wire mesh at the bottom and the recipient was immersed in a glass beaker with water; (ii) after 24 h, the recipient with wet sample was fixed in a larger vessel to drain excess water; (iii) after 6 h, the recipient was weighed and then dried in an oven at 105 • C until a constant mass was obtained. WHC (%) was calculated using Equation (7), where m r (g) is the mass of glass recipient, m r+w (g) the total mass of glass recipient and wet sample after draining, and m r+d (g) the total mass of glass recipient and oven-dried sample.…”

Section: Biochar Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its low cost, abundance, and carbon neutrality, residual lignocellulosic biomass represents an attractive renewable resource for producing biofuels and chemicals [1,6]. Lignocellulosic biomass, which is mainly composed of polysaccharides [hemicellulose (15-40%) and cellulose (25-50%)] and aromatic polymers [lignin (10-40%)], can be valorized using different thermo-chemical technologies, e.g., combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal liquefaction, or biochemical routes, including fermentation and anaerobic digestion [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among them, pyrolysis is a very promising technology which involves lower energy consumption and costs than other conversion routes as well as high addedvalue products [3,5,7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution, composition, and properties of biochar, bio-oil, and pyrolytic gases depend on different factors, e.g., type of pyrolysis and related operating parameters (heating rate, process final temperature, residence time of pyrolysis volatiles or flow rate of carrier gas), type, size, and pretreatment of organic feedstock, type and flow rate of carrier gas, reactor design [2][3][4][5][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Slow pyrolysis produces higher yields of biochar (30-60%), whereas less biochar (10-25%) and more bio-oil (60-75%) are commonly obtained by fast pyrolysis [7][8][9]17]. Lower biochar yields are produced at higher levels of heating rate and process final temperature [4,9,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrolysis bio-oil has a high oxygen content, which determines its instability, low heating values, and high acidity [1]. After a suitable upgradation, pyrolysis bio-oil can be blended with diesel or gasoline [7,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Vine Prunings by Slow Pyrolysis in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

et al. 2021

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The paper aimed at studying the slow pyrolysis of vine pruning waste in a fixed bed reactor and characterizing the pyrolysis products. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted for 60 min, using CO2 as a carrier gas and oxidizing agent. The distribution of biochar and bio-oil was dependent on variations in heat flux (4244–5777 W/m2), CO2 superficial velocity (0.004–0.008 m/s), and mean size of vegetal material (0.007–0.011 m). Relationships among these factors and process performances in terms of yields of biochar (0.286–0.328) and bio-oil (0.260–0.350), expressed as ratio between the final mass of pyrolysis product and initial mass of vegetal material, and final value of fixed bed temperature (401.1–486.5 °C) were established using a 23 factorial design. Proximate and ultimate analyses, FT-IR and SEM analyses, measurements of bulk density (0.112 ± 0.001 g/cm3), electrical conductivity (0.55 ± 0.03 dS/m), pH (10.35 ± 0.06), and water holding capacity (58.99 ± 14.51%) were performed for biochar. Water content (33.2 ± 1.27%), density (1.027 ± 0.014 g/cm3), pH (3.34 ± 0.02), refractive index (1.3553 ± 0.0027), and iodine value (87.98 ± 4.38 g I2/100 g bio-oil) were measured for bio-oil. Moreover, chemical composition of bio-oil was evaluated using GC-MS analysis, with 27 organic compounds being identified.

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Section: Equipment and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochar Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Vine Prunings by Slow Pyrolysis in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

et al. 2021

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Biofuel production using fast pyrolysis of various plant waste biomasses in fixed bed and twin‐screw reactors

Kapoor

Mohammad

Jha

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Fast pyrolysis of six biomasses mustard, camellia, pinewood, sawdust, bamboo, and bagasse was completed at a temperature of 500°C in a fixed bed reactor and a twin‐screw reactor. It was found that the yield of bio‐oil varied from 48 to 30 wt% in fixed bed reactor and 52 to 39 wt% in a twin‐screw reactor, whereas pyrolysis gases yield ranged from 34 to 20 wt% in a fixed bed reactor and 32 to 16 wt% in twin‐screw reactor and biochar yield ranged from 36 to 24 wt% in fixed bed reactor and 32 to 16 wt% in a twin‐screw reactor. High heating value (HHV) of bio‐oil was found to be maximum for bamboo (24.45 MJ/kg) biomass, whereas in the case of biochar, the maximum HHV was obtained for pinewood (27 MJ/kg) and sawdust (28 MJ/kg) biomass. On the characterization of the pyrolysis products, it is found that char obtained comprises mainly carbon while the liquid product, that is, bio‐oil, is a mixture of hydrocarbons. The pyrolysis gases consist of a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. Novelty Statement Biofuel production uses various biomasses via two different reactors that is, a fixed bed reactor and a twin‐screw reactor. The yield of oil in the range from 48 to 30 wt% in fixed bed reactor and 52 to 39 wt% in a twin‐screw reactor and biochar yield ranged from 36 to 24 wt% in fixed bed reactor and 32 to 16 wt% in a twin‐screw reactor. The high heating value (HHV) was optimum for bio‐oil produced via bamboo biomass (24.45 MJ/kg) whereas HHV for biochar produced via pyrolysis was found to be optimum for pinewood and sawdust biomass (27 MJ/kg and 28 MJ/kg).

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Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Simulation: A Thermodynamic Equilibrium Approach

Kapoor

2023

Clean Energy Production Technologies

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Recent developments in investigating reaction chemistry and transport effects in biomass fast pyrolysis: A review

Cited by 62 publications

References 156 publications

Valorization of Vine Prunings by Slow Pyrolysis in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

Valorization of Vine Prunings by Slow Pyrolysis in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

Biofuel production using fast pyrolysis of various plant waste biomasses in fixed bed and twin‐screw reactors

Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Simulation: A Thermodynamic Equilibrium Approach

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