Recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) applied to new HIV diagnoses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 2009 to 2011

Abstract

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Results from a Method for Estimating HIV Incidence Based on the First Cd4 Count among Treatment-Naïve Cases: Brazil, 2004-2013

“…This method has been widely used to estimate the incidence of HIV in several countries and different epidemiological settings [3,[23][24][25][26], including HIV incidence estimation in two Brazilian cities [27]. However, validation studies have consistently shown that assay-based estimates of HIV incidence vary according to which assay is used to identify recent infections [28].…”

“…To ensure effective implementation of prompt access to treatment and other prevention interventions, it is essential to have estimates of HIV incidence for describing the current dynamics of the epidemic [2,3]. Trends in HIV incidence indicate the degree to which HIV transmission is controlled [4], which groups are most at risk for HIV infection and help to identify the emergence of new sub-epidemics in the general population [5].…”

Development of an avidity assay for detection of recent HIV infections

“…This validation led to the establishment of an assay with an AI cut-off of 40% and a ±10% grey zone, within which samples are retested in duplicate and a final mean AI assigned. The latter step was based on CoV estimates and is in keeping with other published avidity methods (Suligoi et al, 2011;Aghaizu et al, 2014).…”

Primary HIV infection: a medical and public health emergency requiring rapid specialist management

“…The majority of symptoms associated with PHI are nonspecific 15 and hence often misdiagnosed or overlooked. Table 2 highlights some of the symptoms, signs and recommended tests that can be associated with PHI.…”

“…14 The recent HIV test algorithm (RITA), carried out by Public Health England, can also identify recent infection providing the clinic is part of the surveillance network. 15 Table 1 summarises the different tests available to diagnose HIV infection.…”