Recent progress and challenges in carboxylation with CO2

Catalyst-free reductive cyclization of bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide with CO2 in the presence of BH3NH3 to synthesize 2-unsubstituted benzothiazole derivatives

“…When the substituent group was -SO 2 CH 3 , a strong electron-withdrawing group, corresponding 6-(methylsulfonyl)-benzothiazole was obtained in a yield of 55% (Table 2, entry 11). In addition, naphtho [2,3]-thiazole could be obtained in 66% yield from the corresponding disulde (Table 2, entry 12). To the best of our knowledge, this is the rst example of successfully synthesizing 6-(methylsulfonyl)-benzothiazole and naphtho[2,3]-thiazole using CO 2 as the carbon source.…”

“…CO 2 is a low-cost, sustainable, and abundant C1 resource which has been widely employed in the synthesis of value-added chemicals. 1–3 Among the various reactions reported for the transformations of CO 2 , reductive functionalization of amines with CO 2 in the presence of a reducing reagent has attracted extensive attention. 4–7 Significantly, new bonds such as C–N, C–O, C–C or C–S bonds were formed in the process of reductive functionalization by reducing CO 2 with different functionalization reagents.…”

Highly Efficient Electrocarboxylation Method to Synthesize Novel Acid Derivatives of 1,4-Dihydropyridines and to Study Their Antimicrobial Activity

“…The electrochemical synthesis of 9a – k from the dibromo series 8a – k in a constant current of CO 2 follows the protocol illustrated in Scheme . An extensive literature survey and our previous work helped us establish the optimum conditions (selecting the electrode material, supporting electrolyte, temperature, pressure, and suitable solvent) to set up the experiment. − Several factors play a significant role in product selectivity and better yield, for instance, the reaction was conducted with n -butanol, n -pentanol, and acetonitrile as solvent, as acetonitrile is a stronger proton donor that produced better yield in the process. Tetrapropyl ammonium bromide (TPAB), tetrapropyl ammonium chloride (TPAC), and trabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF 4 ) as an ionic solvent were tested, and TPAC in combination with acetonitrile exhibited higher efficiency.…”

Challenges and recent advancements in the transformation of CO2into carboxylic acids: straightforward assembly with homogeneous 3d metals

“…In fact, utilisation of 3d metals for CO 2 -based transformations has increased enormously over the last decade. Given the considerable amount of research articles in this domain, few reviews on CO 2 conversion to carboxylic acids are published by focusing on cutting-edge transformations such as photocatalytic transformations with transition metals, 16,[62][63][64][65][66][67] electrocatalytic reactions, [67][68][69][70] radical reactions, 71 and C-H activation of aromatic compounds and unsaturated substrates. 16,66,[72][73][74][75] Most of these review articles are devoted to the activation of CO 2 to achieve carboxylic acids in the presence of noble metals and have scarcely focused on non-noble metals.…”