Recent Progress on the Versatility of Virus-Like Particles

Qian, Ciying; Liu, Xinlin; Xu, Qiang; Wang, Zhiping; Chen, Jie; Li, Tingting; Zheng, Qingbing; Yu, Hai; Gu, Ying; Li, Shaowei; Xia, Ningshao

doi:10.3390/vaccines8010139

Cited by 131 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The highly repetitive antigenic surface of VLP vaccines also help induce stronger antibody response by efficiently cross-linking B-cell surface receptors. Up to now, VLP vaccines have been commercialized for the protection against human papillomavirus (Cervarix ™ and Gardasil ® ) and hepatitis B virus (Engerix ® and Recombivax HB ® )[52].Few SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV VLP vaccines have been reported so far. For SARS-CoV, Lokugamage et al have demonstrated that chimeric VLPs composed of SARS-CoV S protein and mouse hepatitis virus E, M and N proteins can induce neutralizing antibody responses and reduce SARS-CoV virus titer in mice lung after viral challenge…”

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confidence: 99%

Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19

et al. 2020

J Biomed Sci

365

237

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of coronavirus that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been the most challenging pandemic in this century. Considering its high mortality and rapid spread, an effective vaccine is urgently needed to control this pandemic. As a result, the academia, industry, and government sectors are working tightly together to develop and test a variety of vaccines at an unprecedented pace. In this review, we outline the essential coronavirus biological characteristics that are important for vaccine design. In addition, we summarize key takeaways from previous vaccination studies of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), highlighting the pros and cons of each immunization strategy. Finally, based on these prior vaccination experiences, we discuss recent progress and potential challenges of COVID-19 vaccine development.

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confidence: 99%

Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19

et al. 2020

J Biomed Sci

365

237

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“…Such epitopes, once improved in their antigenic properties, can be included in specific delivery carriers to protect them from degradation (Allahyari and Mohit, 2016): they include VLPs, liposomes, polymeric micro-/nano-particles and dendrimeric systems that are schematically described in Figure 2 (Neek et al, 2019;Singh et al, 2007). In VLPs, (Figure 2A), the antigen can be immobilized on the surface through biochemical tools or covalent links (Sapsford et al, 2013;Qian et al, 2020;Koho et al, 2015;Syomin and Ilyin, 2019). The advantages of VLPs include similar size and antigenicity of the corresponding viruses and lack of viral genome and, as consequence, of danger.…”

Section: Peptide-based Vaccines In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in Peptide-Based Vaccination Strategies for Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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At the end of December 2019, an epidemic form of respiratory tract infection now named COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China. It is caused by a newly identified viral pathogen, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which can cause severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. On January 30, 2020, due to the rapid spread of infection, COVID-19 was declared as a global health emergency by the World Health Organization. Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the family of Coronaviridae, which are able to infect birds, humans and other mammals. The majority of human coronavirus infections are mild although already in 2003 and in 2012, the epidemics of SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), respectively, were characterized by a high mortality rate. In this regard, many efforts have been made to develop therapeutic strategies against human CoV infections but, unfortunately, drug candidates have shown efficacy only into in vitro studies, limiting their use against COVID-19 infection. Actually, no treatment has been approved in humans against SARS-CoV-2, and therefore there is an urgent need of a suitable vaccine to tackle this health issue. However, the puzzled scenario of biological features of the virus and its interaction with human immune response, represent a challenge for vaccine development. As expected, in hundreds of research laboratories there is a running out of breath to explore different strategies to obtain a safe and quickly spreadable vaccine; and among others, the peptide-based approach represents a turning point as peptides have demonstrated unique features of selectivity and specificity toward specific targets. Peptide-based vaccines imply the identification of different epitopes both on human cells and virus capsid and the design of peptide/peptidomimetics able to counteract the primary host-pathogen interaction, in order to induce a specific host immune response. SARS-CoV-2 immunogenic regions are mainly distributed, as well as for other coronaviruses, across structural areas such as spike, envelope, membrane or nucleocapsid proteins. Herein, we aim to highlight the molecular basis of the infection and recent peptide-based vaccines strategies to fight the COVID-19 pandemic including their delivery systems.

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“…By contrast, the structure of VLPs are similar to the conformation of wild type viruses which can activate adaptive immunity ( 134 ). VLPs can be modified by chemical or genetic fusion technologies to express chimeras or targeted delivery of small molecule drugs and nucleic acids as a result of the improvement of bioavailability of the delivered substance ( 135 ). Thus, VLPs can restore immune response, cross-present and induce CTL responses.…”

Section: Possibilities Of Nanomaterials In Clinical Tumor Immunotheramentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cancer Nanomedicines: A Revolution of Tumor Immunotherapy

Peng

et al. 2020

Front. Immunol.

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Immunotherapies have been accelerating the development of anti-cancer clinical treatment, but its low objective responses and severe off-target immune-related adverse events (irAEs) limit the range of application. Strategies to remove these obstacles primarily focus on the combination of different therapies and the exploitation of new immunotherapeutic agents. Nanomedicine potentiates the effects of activating immune cells selectively and reversing tumor induced immune deficiency microenvironment through multiple mechanisms. In the last decade, a variety of nano-enabled tumor immunotherapies was under clinical investigation. As time goes by, the advantages of nanomedicine are increasingly prominent. With the continuous development of nanotechnology, nanomedicine will offer more distinctive perspectives in imaging diagnosis and treatment of tumors. In this Review, we wish to provide an overview of tumor immunotherapy and the mechanisms of nanomaterials that aim to enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy under development or in clinic treatment.

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Recent Progress on the Versatility of Virus-Like Particles

Cited by 131 publications

References 110 publications

Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19

Coronavirus vaccine development: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19

Perspectives in Peptide-Based Vaccination Strategies for Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic

Anti-Cancer Nanomedicines: A Revolution of Tumor Immunotherapy

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