Reciprocal Effects Among Parental Homework Support, Effort, and Achievement? An Empirical Investigation

Abstract

The present study investigates reciprocal influences of parental homework support, effort, and math achievement, using two waves of data from 336 9th-graders. Results revealed that higher prior autonomy-oriented support and homework effort resulted in higher subsequent achievement. Higher prior content-oriented support led to higher subsequent effort, but lower subsequent achievement. Additionally, higher prior effort led to higher subsequent autonomy-oriented support. Furthermore, our results supported the structural path invariance over gender. The current investigation advances extant research, by differentiating two forms of parental homework support (autonomy- and content-oriented support), and by showing their respective influences on subsequent homework effort and math achievement.

Parental Involvement in Mexican Elementary Students’ Homework: Its Relation with Academic Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulated Learning, and Academic Achievement

“…Parent involvement may also be different for boys and girls (Daniel et al, 2016;Dumont et al, 2012;Freund et al, 2018;Muntoni & Retelsdorf, 2019;Yurk, 2015). Research concerning the moderating effect of gender in parental involvement in homework has been inconsistent (Dumont et al, 2012;Luo et al, 2016;Silinskas & Kikas, 2019;Tárraga et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2018). Furthermore, studies have shown mixed findings concerning gender differences regarding the relationship between parental involvement in homework and student achievement (Rogers et al, 2009;Silinskas & Kikas, 2019).…”

“…Despite its relevance, parental involvement in children's homework remains as a controversial topic among scholars who have not met a consensus on its effects on academic achievement (Dumont et al, 2012;Hill & Tyson, 2009;Moroni et al 2015). While some scholars (Fernández-Alonso et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2018) report parental involvement in homework as a consistent variable leading students to academic success, others have reported either a weak or a negative association (Barger et al, 2019;Hill & Tyson, 2009;Silinskas et al, 2013;Valle et al, 2015).…”

Effects of Parental Autonomy Support and Teacher Support on Middle School Students’ Homework Effort: Homework Autonomous Motivation as Mediator

“…A meta-analysis study found that parental homework involvement was significantly associated with students’ general achievement and mathematics achievement, though the effect sizes were very small (ES = 0.024; ES = 0.063) (Castro et al, 2015). However, parents’ content support, one form of parental support, is not always positively, even negatively, related to students’ academic performance (including mathematics performance); parents’ controlling or intrusive support impairs adolescents’ motivation and academic achievement (Levpuscek and Zupancic, 2009; Boonk et al, 2018; Xu et al, 2018). Specifically, research in parental involvement in homework, however, has found that parental involvement in homework both promoted and impaired students’ performance (Desimone, 1999; Cooper et al, 2000; Corno and Xu, 2004; Pomerantz et al, 2005).…”

“…Specifically, research in parental involvement in homework, however, has found that parental involvement in homework both promoted and impaired students’ performance (Desimone, 1999; Cooper et al, 2000; Corno and Xu, 2004; Pomerantz et al, 2005). Some researchers hold that the quality rather than the quantity of parental involvement in homework is crucial to students’ achievement (Trautwein et al, 2006; Knollmann and Wild, 2007), and revealed some dimensions that positively associate with academic engagement and achievement, for example, parental autonomy support (Cooper et al, 2000; Pomerantz et al, 2007; Katz et al, 2011; Dumont et al, 2012; Moroni et al, 2015; Boonk et al, 2018; Xu et al, 2018).…”

“…According to the self-determination theory (Deci and Ryan, 2000), adolescents urge parental support for autonomy, for example, being encouraged to arrange homework and solve problems independently. Such support is beneficial to students’ autonomous motivation and learning engagement (Roth et al, 2009), academic performance (Boonk et al, 2018; Xu et al, 2018), and healthy development and well-being (Kocayörük et al, 2015). Based on the previous work, the present study proposed that parental autonomy support is associated with students’ homework effort positively.…”