Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

Guinovart, Tomàs; Hernández-Alonso, Daniel; Adriaenssens, Louis; Blondeau, Pascal; Martínez-Belmonte, Marta; Rius, F. Xavier; Andrade, Francisco J.; Ballester, Pablo

doi:10.1002/anie.201510136

Cited by 63 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Figure 3a shows the structure of the inclusion complex 2&1 in the solid state. [22] This structure is in good agreement with the solution NMR studies and molecular modelling studies in the gas phase.…”

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confidence: 85%

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

et al. 2016

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Current methods for creatinine quantification suffer from significant drawbacks when aiming to combine accuracy, simplicity,and affordability.Here,anunprecedented synthetic receptor,a na ryl-substituted calix [4]pyrrole with am onophosphonate bridge,i sr eported that displays remarkable affinity for creatinine and the creatininium cation. The receptor works by including the guest in its deep and polar aromatic cavity and establishing directional interactions in three dimensions.When incorporated into asuitable polymeric membrane, this molecule acts as an ionophore.Ahighly sensitive and selective potentiometric sensor suitable for the determination of creatinine levels in biological fluids,such as urine or plasma, in an accurate,f ast, simple,a nd cost-effective way has thus been developed.Considering the importance of creatinine levels with respect to human health, the methods that are currently available for its quantification are surprisingly suboptimal. Them ost widely used approach is based on the JaffØ method,[1] which was developed more than 100 years ago,a nd is rather complex, tedious,a nd suffers from problems with interference.[2] Alternative enzyme-based assays with either colorimetric or electrochemical detection have become more common during the last decades and have overcome many issues,b ut still show analytical and practical weaknesses. [3] Highly accurate results are obtained by using isotope-dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS). Unfortunately,t his approach cannot be applied in ah ightraffic routine laboratory. [4,5] In the mid 1990s,supramolecular approaches for the recognition of creatinine began to appear.Thed esigned synthetic receptors comprised an edge functionalized with convergent hydrogen-bonding sites that were complementary to creatinine. [6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, ionselective electrodes (ISEs) are among the simplest and most robust gauges of ion concentration that are already in use in routine clinical laboratories.[12] Thekey hurdle in the development of ISEs for relatively complex analytes,s uch as creatinine,i st he availability of "ionophores", synthetic receptors that preferentially bind the target molecule. [13] Ionophores are responsible for an increase in ISE sensitivity and selectivity.T ot he best of our knowledge,t here are only two examples of neutral synthetic ionophores that are used in the potentiometric analysis of creatinine levels. [14,15] Unfortunately,t he resulting ISEs did not exhibit selectivities and detection limits suitable for the analysis of biological samples.Herein, we introduce an ovel ISE that is suitable for the simple and accurate determination of creatinine levels in body fluids.T his ISE hinges on anovel calix[4]pyrrole-based ionophore, 1,w hich has as trong affinity towards creatinine (2)and the creatinine cation 2·H + (Figure 1). In contrast to its synthetic flat ("two-dimensional") predecessors, [6][7][8][9][10][11] receptor 1 has at hree-dimensional shape and includes the creatinine guest 2 in its ar...

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confidence: 85%

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

et al. 2016

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“…By using amercuracarborand "anti-crown ether" ionophore for Cl À ,aquaternaryammonium-type anion exchanger,and aless basic chromoionophore (chromoionophore I), fluorescent sensing of Cl À can also be achieved (see Figure S4). [11] Aw ide range of organic ions (e.g., creatinine and choline derivatives), [19] polyions (e.g., protamine,heparin, and DNA), [20] and even uncharged organic molecules (e.g., phenols,b oronic acids,s accharides,a nd H 2 O 2 ) [21] have also been detected by biphasic sensors.T herefore,t he oil-based sensing concept promises to bring awealth of new analytical capabilities to the droplet microfluidics and advance its applications. [11] Aw ide range of organic ions (e.g., creatinine and choline derivatives), [19] polyions (e.g., protamine,heparin, and DNA), [20] and even uncharged organic molecules (e.g., phenols,b oronic acids,s accharides,a nd H 2 O 2 ) [21] have also been detected by biphasic sensors.T herefore,t he oil-based sensing concept promises to bring awealth of new analytical capabilities to the droplet microfluidics and advance its applications.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, highly selective ionophores for other inorganic cations such as Ca 2+ ,M g 2+ , Pb 2+ ,Zn 2+ ,Cd 2+ ,Hg 2+ ,Ag + ,and other inorganic anions such as F À ,N O 3 À ,N O 2 À ,S O 4 2À ,C O 3 2À are available. [11] Aw ide range of organic ions (e.g., creatinine and choline derivatives), [19] polyions (e.g., protamine,heparin, and DNA), [20] and even uncharged organic molecules (e.g., phenols,b oronic acids,s accharides,a nd H 2 O 2 ) [21] have also been detected by biphasic sensors.T herefore,t he oil-based sensing concept promises to bring awealth of new analytical capabilities to the droplet microfluidics and advance its applications.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

Ionophore‐Based Biphasic Chemical Sensing in Droplet Microfluidics

et al. 2019

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Droplet microfluidics is an enabling platform for high-throughput screens,single-cell studies,low-volume chemical diagnostics,a nd microscale material syntheses.A nalytical methods for real-time and in situ detection of chemicals in the droplets will benefit these applications,but they remain limited. Reported herein is an ovel heterogeneous chemical sensing strategy based on functionalization of the oil phase with rationally combined sensing reagents.S ub-nanoliter oil segments containing pH-sensitive fluorophores,i onophores,a nd ion-exchangers enable highly selective and rapid fluorescence detection of physiologically important electrolytes (K + ,N a + , and Cl À )a nd polyions (protamine) in sub-nanoliter aqueous droplets.E lectrolyte analysis in whole blood is demonstrated without suffering from optical interference from the sample matrix. Moreover,a no il phase doped with an aza-BODIPY dye allows indication of H 2 O 2 in the aqueous droplets, exemplifying sensing of targets beyond ionic species.

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“…However, another family of receptors based on calix [4]pyrrole has been extensively used and reported, [3] yielding two binding sites at the receptor (the upper and lower rim of the receptor, see Figure 1). Ionophores have been widely used for electrochemical and optical ion recognition for the determination of inorganic cations and anions and, to a lesser extent, organic ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thread based microfluidic platform for urinary creatinine analysis

Arroyo

Erenas

Orbe-Payá

et al. 2020

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Creatinine level in urine is a key factor to monitor kidney performance. The use of an alternative microfluidic platform based on cellulose substrates is an interesting option to integrate sample treatment, creatinine recognition by ionophore extraction chemistry and quantification by color measurement through consumer electronics imaging devices. The inclusion of ionophore extraction chemistry based on aryl-substituted calix[4]pyrrole synthetic receptor on 8.7 mm long cotton thread permit the sample treatment, optical recognition of creatinine and their quantification by smartphone running app in unfiltered urine samples diluted 1:100 ratio. The device shows a short response time, 30 s, to creatinine over a wide dynamic range (from 1.6×10-6 to 5×10-2 M) with reproducibility between 2.9-4.3%. The low interference level of representative species in urine is studied and justified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

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Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

Cited by 63 publications

References 25 publications

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

Recognition and Sensing of Creatinine

Ionophore‐Based Biphasic Chemical Sensing in Droplet Microfluidics

Thread based microfluidic platform for urinary creatinine analysis

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