Reconstruction of the occupation layer of archaeological sites based on statistical analysis of soil materials

Zhurbin, I. V.; Борисов, А. В.; Zlobina, A. G.

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103347

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The accumulation of phosphorus in CL indicates that way of life was settled, and people stay was long. Phosphorus deposition in CL at the settlements is a distinctive feature [50][51][52]. This is because more than 50% of anthropogenic material enriched with organic compounds that contain phosphorus can be brought into the long-term CLs, as found in sediments from ancient cities in Crimea (Tanais, Fanagoria) [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Study of Settlements Dating from Paleolithic to Medieval Ages of Southern Urals on Border of Europe and Asia

Prikhodko,

Savelev,

Kotov

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Soil, geochemical, microbiological and archaeological studies were conducted at eight settlements dating from the Paleolithic to Late Medieval and New Times near the Southern Trans-Urals mountains, Russia. The forest-steppe landscapes, rivers and abundance of mineral resources have attracted people to region since ancient times. Properties of cultural layer (CLs): close to neutral pH, well structured, absence of salinity, enrichment with exchangeable calcium and anthropogenic phosphorus (0.2–0.4%). The majority of CLs start from 3–25 cm and last up to 40–60 cm and contain 6–10% organic carbon (Corg), in a layer of 0–20 cm because modern processes are developing here, at Ishkulovo site (around 14th century) Corg decreases to 1.3%, because CL is below 80 cm and in the absence of fresh organic material it is mineralized. The content of microbial biomass of the 0–10 cm layer is 520–680 μg С/g of soil, microbes cause the emission of 0.2–1.0 μg C–CO2/g soil per h. The proximity of the studied sites to deposits of copper, chromium, zinc, manganese and Magnitogorsk Metallurgical and Uchaly processing plants creates geochemical anomalies of soils. Pollutants are also released into the CLs from bronze products, ore, ceramic fragments and raw materials from their manufacture. It leads to the concentration of pollutants of the 1st (arsenic, lead, zinc) and 2nd (cobalt, copper, nickel, chromium) hazard classes in the studied CLs, often in quantities higher than the clarke and less often – more than the allowable content for human health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Study of Settlements Dating from Paleolithic to Medieval Ages of Southern Urals on Border of Europe and Asia

Prikhodko,

Savelev,

Kotov

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…As a result of erosion, the soil and ground material of the destroyed occupation layer was transported to subordinate landforms (Figure 7). The current state of the settlement occupation layer makes it possible to distinguish sections in various states of preservation: superficially disrupted, replaced and transported (Zhurbin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Types Of An Occupation Layer In the Settlement: Main Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reconstruction of the occupation layer of archaeological sites according to a statistical analysis of multispectral imaging

Zhurbin

Zlobina

Shaura

et al. 2022

Archaeological Prospection

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In the modern era and especially in the 20th century, the territory with most of the archaeological sites in central Russia and the Urals was used as agricultural land. The history of long-term studies of medieval Finno-Ugric settlements (Cis-Urals) makes it possible to distinguish segments of an occupation layer in various states of preservation: superficially disrupted, replaced and transported. Superficially disrupted and replaced layers are found at the settlement site and are believed to be residential and economic areas . The transported layer is mainly transported to the slopes of the terraces to which the sites of the Chepetskaya culture are assigned. Therefore, it is necessary to study not only the site of the settlement itself but also the adjacent territory. To reconstruct the boundaries and structure of medieval settlements, a new methodological approach has been proposed. Initially, a statistical analysis of multispectral aerial photography data was carried out: the calculation of Haralick's textural features; the reduction in the number of features by principal component

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Boundaries, Structure, and Integrity of the Occupation Layer at the Gordinskoye I (Guryakar) Fortified Settlement, Udmurtia (9th–13th Centuries), According to Multispectral Imaging

Zhurbin

2024

Arheol. ètnogr. antropol. Evrazii

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Science-based studies at Gordinskoye I (Guryakar) fortified settlement in northern Udmurtia (9th–13th centuries AD) were carried out. The occupation layer had been largely destroyed by plowing. The statistical analysis of multispectral images and segmentation of the generated images of vegetation distribution make it possible to assess the integrity of the occupation layer. The preliminary conclusion about the presence of its parts, varying in thickness, is based on the analysis of the configuration of areas of segmented multispectral images and the correspondence of diverse segments to relief features. Assessment of archaeological context and of the preservation of occupation layer (superficially disrupted, replaced, or transported) is possible only with the use of geophysical and soil studies and targeted excavations. The available reference data allow us to interpret individual segments present solely on the flat surface of the promontory. The assessment of the parameters of the occupation layer within the entire survey area is possible through the extrapolation of properties of vegetation segments with known characteristics. Based on the totality of data, it can be assumed that the built-up area of Guryakar was limited by the outer fortification line. A thick occupation layer is localized on the promontory, within two inner structural parts of the site. Two other parts of Guryakar, situated between the residence area and the outer fortification line, were probably used for utility purposes and manufacture. The deposition of the medieval occupation layer was less intense there. Additional markers of the fortifications, delimiting the boundaries of the settlement’s structural parts, are vertically oriented linear areas of the transported layer on slopes of the promontory.

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Reconstruction of the occupation layer of archaeological sites based on statistical analysis of soil materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Complex Study of Settlements Dating from Paleolithic to Medieval Ages of Southern Urals on Border of Europe and Asia

Complex Study of Settlements Dating from Paleolithic to Medieval Ages of Southern Urals on Border of Europe and Asia

A reconstruction of the occupation layer of archaeological sites according to a statistical analysis of multispectral imaging

Boundaries, Structure, and Integrity of the Occupation Layer at the Gordinskoye I (Guryakar) Fortified Settlement, Udmurtia (9th–13th Centuries), According to Multispectral Imaging

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