Rectal inflammation as first manifestation of graft-vs-host disease: radiologic-pathologic findings

Abstract

Graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) is a common, life-threatening complication of bone marrow transplantation that frequently involves the gastrointestinal tract. Since symptoms are typically nonspecific, radiologic examination is often performed to reach a diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported radiologic description of a case of rectal involvement as the first manifestation of GVHD. The differential diagnosis of segmental rectal wall thickening in a patient following bone marrow transplantation should include GVHD.

Accumulation of CD4+T cells in the colon of CsA-treated mice following myeloablative conditioning and bone marrow transplantation

“…Radiation therapy is capable of disrupting the epithelial integrity, leading to an inflammatory response and, hence, increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (12,21,40). The constitutive presence of these regulators allows for the trafficking of lymphocytes into the GI mucosal compartment, disrupting the physiological balance and contributing to pathogenesis such as IBD (31,41).…”

Affections du côlon en situation d’urgence et en réanimation chez le patient adulte : qu’attendre du radiologue ?

“…On note une atteinte potentielle de tout le tube digestif mais les organes les plus marqués sont l'iléon et le côlon, moins fréquemment le rectum [55,56]. On y constate un épaississement modéré (paroi colique à 7 mm) et une stase liquidienne intraluminale.…”

Superselective arterial embolization of the superior mesenteric artery for the treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…The skin, liver, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract are the main targets of acute GVHD. 1 – 4 GI tract involvement is less common compared with that of skin and liver 1 but is recognized as the most severe and difficult to treat, especially GI hemorrhage. 2 The incidence of GI hemorrhage following bone marrow transplants is approximately 10%, 5 and its mortality can reach as high as 30%–60% in patients who experience acute GVHD.…”