“…For highways with design lives of 20 years, asphalt mixture pavements are used, but they are susceptible to heavy loads, high temperatures, rain, and other adverse coupled factors [2]. Furthermore, they are prone to early severe damage, such as wheel ruts, potholes, looseness, flooding oil, and swelling within the first 1-2 years of use [3]. As these phenomena are not evident early on in use, the development of early failure is difficult to control, increasing the maintenance and repair costs of the road at later stages, affecting the comfort and safety of vehicle travel, and reducing the normal service life of the road.…”