Red blood cells serve as a vehicle for PEDV transmission

Li, Jianda; Yuan, Chen; Liu, Peng; Li, Yuchen; Zhang, Penghao; Yang, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109081

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…RAF265 also decreased viral mRNA level of PEDV in the blood and intestines ( Figure 1 C). It has been reported that PEDV-loaded RBCs can transfer the virus to CD3+ T cells, leading to intestinal infection via cell-to-cell contact [ 14 ], and also causes typical diarrhea symptom [ 15 ]. These results indicate that RAF265 reduces virus proliferation of PEDV in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Molecule RAF265 as an Antiviral Therapy Acts against PEDV Infection

Wang

Tian

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the family Coronaviridae, causes acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality in newborn piglets, and has caused significant economic losses in the pig industry. There are currently no specific drugs available to treat PEDV. Viruses depend exclusively on the cellular machinery to ensure an efficient replication cycle. In the present study, we found that small-molecule RAF265, an anticancer drug that has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of RAF, reduced viral loads of PEDV by 4 orders of magnitude in Vero cells, and protected piglets from virus challenge. RAF265 reduced PEDV production by mediating cytoskeleton arrangement and targeting the host cell’s translation machinery. Treatment with RAF265 inhibited viral entry of PEDV S-glycoprotein pseudotyped viral vector particle (PEDV-pp), at half maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of 79.1 nM. RAF265 also presented potent inhibitory activity against viral infection by SARS-CoV-2-pp and SARS-CoV-pp. The present work may provide a starting point for further progress toward the development of antiviral strategies effective against coronavirus PEDV.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Molecule RAF265 as an Antiviral Therapy Acts against PEDV Infection

Wang

Tian

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Porcine PBMCs were isolated by density centrifugation using a porcine peripheral blood lymphocyte separation kit (Solarbio) and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37°C with 5% CO 2 . Porcine erythrocytes were isolated from whole blood as previously described ( 14 ) and stored in red cell storage solution (Solarbio) at 4°C. SUVECs and Vero E6 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), and SAECs were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the fecal-oral route, the fecal-nasal route is another route of PEDV transmission through airborne aerosolized PEDV particles ( 4 , 5 ). Infectious PEDV presents in serum or blood cells in piglets infected with PEDV ( 13 , 14 ), suggesting that the virus possesses the ability to cross the endothelial barrier and cause viremia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection Disrupts the Nasal Endothelial Barrier To Favor Viral Dissemination

Liu

et al. 2022

J Virol

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“…A study also showed the RBCs as a possible vehicle for transmission of PEDV which could also be possible in other coronaviruses (Li et al. 2021 ). Immunity to PEDV is dependent mostly on secretory antibody in mucosa of small intestine, which is only present for a brief period of time following disease.…”

Section: Porcine Covs: Pathogenesis and Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns

Thakor

Dinesh

Manikandan

et al. 2022

Veterinary Quarterly

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Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) are one of the most devastating pathogens affecting the livelihoods of farmers and swine industry across the world. These include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). Coronaviruses infect a wide variety of animal species and humans because these are having single stranded-RNA that accounts for high mutation rates and thus could break the species barrier. The gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems are the primary organ systems affected by SCoVs. Infection is very common in piglets compared to adult swine causing high mortality in the former. Bat is implicated to be the origin of all CoVs affecting animals and humans. Since pig is the only domestic animal in which CoVs cause a wide range of diseases; new coronaviruses with high zoonotic potential could likely emerge in the future as observed in the past. The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing COVID-19 pandemic in humans, has been implicated to have animal origin, also reported from few animal species, though its zoonotic concerns are still under investigation. This review discusses SCoVs and their epidemiology, virology, evolution, pathology, wildlife reservoirs, interspecies transmission, spill-over events and highlighting their emerging threats to swine population. The role of pigs amid ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will also be discussed. A thorough investigation should be conducted to rule out zoonotic potential of SCoVs and to design appropriate strategies for their prevention and control.

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Red blood cells serve as a vehicle for PEDV transmission

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Small-Molecule RAF265 as an Antiviral Therapy Acts against PEDV Infection

Small-Molecule RAF265 as an Antiviral Therapy Acts against PEDV Infection

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection Disrupts the Nasal Endothelial Barrier To Favor Viral Dissemination

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns

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