Rediguieri CF, Porta V, Nunes DSG, Nunes TM, Junginger HE, Kopp S, Midha KK, Shah VP, Stavchansky S, Dressman JB, Barends DM. 2011. Biowaiver monographs for immediate‐release solid oral dosage forms: Metronidazole. J Pharm Sci 100:1618–1627.

Encapsulation of animal wax‐based organogels in alginate microparticles

“…SA is a weak acid and is less soluble at lower pHs and more soluble at higher pHs . MZ, on the other hand, has higher solubility at gastric pH environment than in the intestinal environment …”

Development of an ultrasensitive stacking technique for 5‐nitroimidazole determination in untreated biological fluids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

“…LODs and LOQs, calculated as the minimum analyte concentration yielding an S/N ratio equal to 3 and 10, respectively, are shown in Table , including the values estimated by Long and Winefordner and Clayton criteria . According to the results, ORZ, MNZ, and TNZ can be quantified at low micrograms per milliliter levels in both biological fluids, which accomplishes with the therapeutic concentrations of 5‐NDZ in serum and urine reported in the literature . Electropherograms of spiked urine and serum samples and the corresponding blanks are shown in Fig.…”

“…http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/18th_EML_Final_web_8Jul13.pdf; accessed on 4 November 2014), other antibiotics that also belong to 5‐nitroimidazole (5‐NDZ) family as ornidazole (ORZ) and tinidazole (TNZ) are also used in human medicine. According to the pathology, doses of MNZ can be prescribed from 250 to 750 mg three times per day during 7 or 10 days, restricting the daily dose to a maximum of 2.5 g. Depending on the dose, maximum plasma concentration levels ( C max ) of 6 to 40 μg/mL are reached after maximum absorption within 0.25 to 4 h . Furthermore, this drug undergoes hepatic metabolism and it is mainly eliminated via renal excretion, recovering in the urine up to 77% of the dose, of which 10% is MNZ as unchanged drug .…”

“…on the dose, maximum plasma concentration levels (C max ) of 6 to 40 g/mL are reached after maximum absorption within 0.25 to 4 h [2]. Furthermore, this drug undergoes hepatic metabolism and it is mainly eliminated via renal excretion, recovering in the urine up to 77% of the dose, of which 10% is MNZ as unchanged drug [3].…”

Enantioselective Construction of Aryl‐Substituted All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters by Using Tertiary Amine–Thiourea‐Catalyzed Michael Additions

“…Although this compound has been prohibited in food production in many countries, it is still used in aquaculture 3, 4. MTZ is not only very soluble in water, but it also has photo and hydrolytic stability 5, 6, so it can accumulate in the aquatic environment 7, 8. Hence, this drug can have a significant impact on non‐target aquatic organisms and may lead to the formation of bacterial strains resistant to its effects 9, 10.…”