Redox‐Active Vanadium‐Based Polyoxometalate as an Active Element in Resistive Switching Based Nonvolatile Molecular Memory

Abstract

Resistive switching (RS)‐based random access memory has been envisaged as a viable alternative to existing memory technology due to its nonvolatility, high switching speed, high endurance/retention, and considerably low operating voltage. Herein, a new uniform, repetitive, and stable RS phenomenon is demonstrated based on very low‐cost two‐terminal metal–insulator–metal stack fabricated using a highly redox‐active vanadium‐based polyoxometalate (POM) molecular clusters, [V10O28]6−—belonging to polyoxovanadate (POV) family. The RS is observed to be unipolar and nonvolatile in nature, and occur at a fairly low operating bias voltage (less than 2 V), making it suitable for low‐power operations. The switching event is attributed to the cycling between formation and rupture of tiny conductive nanofilaments formed due to trapping and detrapping of positively charged ionized oxygen vacancy sites present in the active switching layer of [V10O28]6−. POMs, in their rich abundance, are highly stable early transition‐metal oxide nanosized clusters, capable of storing as well as releasing a large number of electrons. In addition, they can undergo fast and reversible redox reactions (both in solid and liquid electrolyte media) in “stepwise” manner—a property that makes them a promising candidate for ultrafast and multi‐level nonvolatile molecular memory for high‐density data storage. Preliminary investigations on the POV‐based memory cells result in device resistance ratio ≈25, endurance for more than 200 cycles, and stable retention time around 2200 s, in fully open air condition.

Covalent shaping of polyoxometalate molecular films onto ITO electrodes for charge trapping induced resistive switching

“…Nonvolatile resistive memories (2 terminals), being fast and low-powered, are considered a credible alternative to commercial capacitive memories like volatile DRAM and non-volatile flash-NAND (transistor-based 3 terminals). 11 Requalified as memristors, they allow in-memory computing, avoiding costly movements between separate information storage and processing domains, essential to continue to improve the performance of the device and to meet the growing needs related to artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. 12,13 The electronic properties of the POM-based molecular materials are strongly related to the POM chemical structure and to their shaping.…”

Reversible Thermochromism and Stable Resistance Switching Behaviors Based on a Co(III)-Complex-Linked Polyoxoniobate

“…Polyoxometalate (POM) materials can be used as electronic sponges to absorb and release electrons without structural damage due to their rich electrons, so they are ideal active ingredients for molecular storage devices. In recent years, polyoxomolybdates (POMos), polyoxotungstates (POTs), , and polyoxovanaldates (POVs) and their combinations with graphene oxide or metal oxides have been used as functional components in storage devices, while polyoxoniobates have rarely served as active components of storage devices.…”