Redox signaling mediated by the gut microbiota

Jones, Rheinallt; Neish, Andrew S.

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.495

Cited by 152 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The opposite was true for NOX2. DUOX2 is highly expressed in the enterocytes, while NOX2 is expressed in intestinal phagocytes [24], suggesting a higher phagocytic activity possibly conferring an antimicrobial mechanism, as the standard grain-based diet was not AC [25]. The activation of RAGE and downstream pathways by dietary AGEs suggest that AGEs' systemic effects depend not only on the absorbed AGEs but also on the amount locally present in the intestine to stimulate RAGE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Autoclaved Diets on the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorder in Rats

et al. 2020

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Background: Autoclaving rodent diets is common in laboratory animals, but autoclaving increases the formation of dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGE). We studied the effect of autoclaved (AC) diet alone or in combination with a diet high in bioavailable phosphorus on biochemistries of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), intestinal gene expression, and oxidative stress. Methods: Male CKD rats (Cy/+) and normal littermates were fed 1 of 3 diets: AC 0.7% phosphorus grain-based diet for 28 weeks (AC); AC diet for 17 weeks followed by non-autoclaved (Non-AC) 0.7% phosphorus casein diet until 28 weeks (AC + Casein); or Non-AC diet for 16 weeks followed by a Non-AC purified diet until 30 weeks (Non-AC + Casein). Results: AC diets contained ~3× higher AGEs and levels varied depending on the location within the autoclave. Rats fed the AC and AC + Casein diets had higher total AGEs and oxidative stress, irrespective of kidney function. Kidney function was more severely compromised in CKD rats fed AC or AC + Casein compared to Non-AC + Casein. There was a disease-by-diet interaction for plasma phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and c-terminal fibroblast growth factor-23, driven by high values in the CKD rats fed the AC + Casein diet. Compared to Non-AC + Casein, AC and AC + Casein-fed groups had increased expression of receptor of AGEs and intestinal NADPH oxidase dual oxidase-2, independent of kidney function. Conclusions: Autoclaving rodent diets impacts the progression of CKD and CKD-MBD, highlighting the critical importance of standardizing diets in experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Autoclaved Diets on the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorder in Rats

et al. 2020

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“…Microbial contact-induced epithelial ROS generation is an extremely conserved phenomenon across phyla. This mechanism is a general mean by which bacterial communities can affect redox homeostatic in the host [118]. Although the functions of probiotics in altering intestinal microbiota composition and gut diseases have been reviewed [119,120], there have been relatively few studies that rigorously characterize the effect of probiotics on antioxidation regarding the intestinal microbiota composition.…”

Section: Modes Of Action Of Probiotic Bacteria In Antioxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Properties of Probiotic Bacteria

et al. 2017

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Oxidative stress defines a condition in which the prooxidant–antioxidant balance in the cell is disturbed, resulting in DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, ultimately compromising cells’ viability. Probiotics have been known for many beneficial health effects, and the consumption of probiotics alone or in food shows that strain-specific probiotics can present antioxidant activity and reduce damages caused by oxidation. However, the oxidation-resistant ability of probiotics, especially the underling mechanisms, is not properly understood. In this view, there is interest to figure out the antioxidant property of probiotics and summarize the mode of action of probiotic bacteria in antioxidation. Therefore, in the present paper, the antioxidant mechanisms of probiotics have been reviewed in terms of their ability to improve the antioxidant system and their ability to decrease radical generation. Since in recent years, oxidative stress has been associated with an altered gut microbiota, the effects of probiotics on intestinal flora composition are also elaborated.

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“…110 Gut bacteria (especially the lactobacilli) are known to generate ROS, at levels that are able to influence cell signaling and reduce the inflammatory response. 111 The microbiota in the gut also produce the active forms of polyphenols, by altering the bound state of these molecules in plant foods. 112 Microbes in the gut produce other metabolites, including neurotransmitters and hormones, which cross the intestinal mucosa, interact with cells and tissues of the body, and contribute to the metabolites that can be detected in the circulation.…”

Section: Human Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%