Reduced exercise-associated response of the GH-IGF-I axis and catecholamines in obese children and adolescents

Eliakim, Alon; Nemet, Damir; Zaldivar, Frank; McMurray, Robert G.; Culler, Floyd L.; Galassetti, Pietro; Cooper, Dan M.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01072.2005

Cited by 77 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The exercise-induced decrease in insulin in all groups was similar to observations during aerobic exercise [14, 23]; this finding highlights the role of exercise in insulin control [8, 10]. Previous investigations suggested a lower degree of insulin resistance in PWS when compared to nonsyndromic obesity [24, 25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Hormonal and Metabolic Responses to a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Rubin¹,

Clark²,

Haqq³

et al. 2017

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterized by excessive adiposity. Excess adiposity negatively affects hormonal and metabolic responses to aerobic exercise. This study determined whether PWS and/or adiposity affected hormonal and metabolic responses to resistance exercise. Methods: Eleven children with PWS (11.4 ± 3.1 years, 43.9 ± 7.5% body fat), 12 lean children (9.3 ± 1.4 years, 18.3 ± 4.9% body fat), and 13 obese children (9.6 ± 1.3 years, 40.3 ± 5.2% body fat) participated. The children stepped onto an elevated platform while wearing a weighted vest for 6 sets of 10 repetitions per leg (sets separated by 1 min of rest). For the children with PWS, the platform height was 23.0 cm and vest load was computed as (20% of stature × 50% of lean body mass)/23.0 cm. For the controls, the platform height was 20% of the stature and vest load 50% of the lean body mass. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately after, and during recovery from exercise (+15, +30, and +60 min). Results: All groups had similar catecholamine, insulin, and glucagon responses. The groups showed no major differences in glucose and lactate levels. The PWS children demonstrated earlier increases in fatty acids during recovery and higher glycerol and ketone levels than the controls. Conclusion: The PWS children demonstrated largely intact hormonal, glycolytic, and lipolytic responses to lower-body resistance exercise. In PWS, elevated ketone levels suggest an incomplete fat oxidation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Hormonal and Metabolic Responses to a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Rubin¹,

Clark²,

Haqq³

et al. 2017

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…As stated earlier, we previously demonstrated that the GH response to exercise is inhibited in obese children and adolescents [8]. This reduced exercise-induced GH response was suggested to be associated with a lower training effect, which may explain the limited success of weight reduction interventions in changing body composition and improving physical fitness in obese children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…It is suggested that the effects of exercise training are related to the balance between the exercise-induced anabolic/catabolic and inflammatory response [7]. Interestingly, the exercise-associated increase in GH usually seen in normal-weight children is significantly attenuated in obese children and adolescents [8]. It was suggested that the reduced GH response to exercise leads to a lesser effect of training in obese children, and may explain the limited success of weight reduction interventions in changing body composition and improving physical fitness in obese children and adolescents [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Multidisciplinary Childhood Obesity Treatment Intervention on Adipocytokines, Inflammatory and Growth Mediators

Nemet

Oren²,

Pantanowitz³

et al. 2013

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background/Aims: To examine the effects of a 3-month multidisciplinary intervention on anthropometric measures, physical activity patterns and fitness, inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines, and growth mediators in obese children. Methods: 21 obese subjects completed the 3-month intervention and were compared with 20 age-, gender- and maturity-matched controls. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI percentile and waist circumference), blood tests (IL-6, CRP, leptin, adiponectin, insulin, IGF-I and glucose), a progressive treadmill exercise test to evaluate fitness, and habitual activity assessment before and after the intervention. Results: The intervention led to a significant change of differences in body weight (-1.3 ± 4.1 vs. 2.5 ± 3.3 kg), BMI percentile (-0.96 ± 1.29 vs. 0.19 ± 0.8), waist circumference (-2.1 ± 2.7 vs. 2.9 ± 3.0 cm) and running time (149.9 ± 86.3 vs. -8.2 ± 88.0 s) in the intervention compared to control. There was a significant increase in leisure-time physical activity (Godin questionnaire, 29.04 ± 6.8 vs. -1.3 ± 9.2) and a decrease in sedentary activity (-1.4 ± 0.73 vs. 0.02 ± 0.62 h/day) in the intervention compared to control. Significant change differences in adiponectin (2,308 ± 1,640 vs. -801 ± 465 ng/ml), IGF-I (33.8 ± 37.8 vs. -1.0 ± 36.2 ng/ml), CRP (-0.06 ± 0.29 vs. 0.5 ± 0.86 mg/dl) and HOMA-IR (-0.15 ± 0.57 vs. 0.55 ± 0.84) were found in the intervention group compared to control. Conclusions: Our results highlight the short-term beneficial effects of a childhood obesity multidisciplinary intervention on anthropometrics, habitual activity, fitness, inflammatory and metabolic measures. The longer-term effects of these changes on obesity-associated metabolic risks are yet to be determined.

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“…In an 18-year follow-up study, a low epinephrine response to a mental challenge was a predictor for body mass gain in men [30]. Other experimental studies confirmed that obese subjects exhibit an inadequate sympatho-adrenal system response to different stimuli such as exercise [31], cold [32], and oral glucose load [33]. Similarly, obesity-prone rats are known to exhibit an inadequate sympatho-adrenal system response to hypoglycemia [34], overfeeding [35], and chronic stress [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rise in Plasma Lactate Concentrations with Psychosocial Stress: A Possible Sign of Cerebral Energy Demand

Kubera¹,

Hubold²,

Otte³

et al. 2012

Obes Facts

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Objective: It is known that exogenous lactate given as an i.v. energy infusion is able to counteract a neuroglycopenic state that developed during psychosocial stress. It is unknown, however, whether the brain under stressful conditions can induce a rise in plasma lactate to satisfy its increased needs during stress. Since lactate is i) an alternative cerebral energy substrate to glucose and ii) its plasmatic concentration is influenced by the sympathetic nervous system, the present study aimed at investigating whether plasma lactate concentrations increase with psychosocial stress in humans. Methods: 30 healthy young men participated in two sessions (stress induced by the Trier Social Stress Test and a non-stress control session). Blood samples were frequently taken to assess plasma lactate concentrations and stress hormone profiles. Results: Plasma lactate increased 47% during psychosocial stress (from 0.9 ± 0.05 to 1.4 ± 0.1 mmol/l; interaction time × stress intervention: F = 19.7, p < 0.001). This increase in lactate concentrations during stress was associated with an increase in epinephrine (R² = 0.221, p = 0.02) and ACTH concentrations (R² = 0.460, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Plasma lactate concentrations increase during acute psychosocial stress in humans. This finding suggests the existence of a demand mechanism that functions to allocate an additional source of energy from the body towards the brain, which we refer to as ‘cerebral lactate demand’.

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Reduced exercise-associated response of the GH-IGF-I axis and catecholamines in obese children and adolescents

Cited by 77 publications

References 51 publications

Hormonal and Metabolic Responses to a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Hormonal and Metabolic Responses to a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Effects of a Multidisciplinary Childhood Obesity Treatment Intervention on Adipocytokines, Inflammatory and Growth Mediators

Rise in Plasma Lactate Concentrations with Psychosocial Stress: A Possible Sign of Cerebral Energy Demand

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