Reduced lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with advanced or disseminated melanoma

Cartei, G.; Sala, Pier Guido; Sanzari, M.; Ceschia, V.; Clocchiatti, L.; Sibau, A.; Donà, Silvio; Giovannoni, M.; Vigevani, Enrico

doi:10.1016/0190-9622(93)70103-z

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Several reports have suggested the involvement of CD8+CD57+ T lymphocytes in control of melanoma progression [55–57]. In our study of melanoma patients treated with adjuvant IFN-α, we observed remarkable differences in survival depending on pre-treatment levels of CD8highCD57+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood.…”

Section: Cancer-promoting Effects Of Immunotherapysupporting

confidence: 44%

“First do no harm” and the importance of prediction in oncology

2010

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Present cancer treatment strategies are based on the assumption that a therapy may work (“response”) or not work (“no-response”). However, the existing evidence suggests that current cancer treatment modalities may also have a cancer-promoting effect in part of the patients. In this paper, some relevant data are reviewed suggesting that surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy can stimulate tumor growth / metastatic spread and decrease survival of patients in certain subgroups. Thus, results of cancer treatment may be improved by detection and use of biomarkers that correlate with positive or negative therapeutic effects. Small trials based on groups with differing biomarkers rather than large phase III trials may aid the development and efficacy testing of new anticancer drugs. Moreover, ignoring biomarkers that correlate with positive or negative therapeutic effect may not be compatible anymore with the ethical principle “First Do No Harm”.

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Section: Cancer-promoting Effects Of Immunotherapysupporting

confidence: 44%

“First do no harm” and the importance of prediction in oncology

2010

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“…The lower percentage of NK cells, and of the percentage of CD16 positive immunocompetent cells in melanoma patients found in this work, point to the already known deficiency of these cell subpopulations and to the suppressed role of NK and of IgG mediated ADCC in the antitumor immunity in melanoma patients [27,28]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Immunity to melanin and to tyrosinase in melanoma patients, and in people with vitiligo

Đorđić

Matić

Filipovic-Ljeskovic

et al. 2012

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the presence and the intensity of humoral immunity to melanoma-associated antigens: tyrosinase and melanin, in patients with melanoma, in persons with vitiligo and in control healthy people.MethodsThe study involved 63 patients with melanoma and 19 persons with vitiligo. Control group consisted up to 41 healthy volunteers. Mushroom tyrosinase and synthetic melanin were used as the antigens.ResultsELISA test showed significantly (p < 0.0000004 and p < 0.04) lower levels of IgM anti-tyrosinase autoantibodies, in melanoma and vitiligo patients respectively, compared to controls.Although there was no significant difference between the levels of IgA anti-melanin autoantibodies in melanoma or vitiligo patients in comparison with controls, the enhanced concentrations of anti-melanin IgA autoantibodies were preferentially found in melanoma patients with metastatic disease. Significantly high percentage in the Fc alphaRI (CD89) positive cells was determined in melanoma patients (p < 0.002 and p < 0.008) in comparison to that found in healthy people or in patients with vitiligo, in the already mentioned order, pointing that IgA dependent cellular cytotoxicity is not important for the immune action against melanoma, even more that it is included in some immune suppression.Levels of IgG autoantibodies to mentioned antigens in melanoma patients although low were not significantly lower from controls. These findings analyzed together with the statistically significant low percentage of FcgammaRIII, (CD16) positive immunocompetent cells (p < 0.0007 and p < 0.003), which was found in patients with melanoma compared with healthy or vitiligo people respectively, and statistically significant low percentage of (CD16 + CD56+) natural killer (NK) cells (p < 0.005) found in melanoma patients in comparison to healthy controls pointed to the low probability for anti-melanoma IgG mediated, antibody mediated cellular cytotoxicity, (ADCC) and NK cytotoxicity. Moreover the ratio of the percentages of granulocytes and percentage of lymphocytes was statistically higher in patients with melanoma in relation to healthy people as well as to people with vitiligo (p < 0.0007 and p < 0.05 respectively).ConclusionAutoantibodies to tyrosinase and to melanin which are found even in healthy people, point that consummation of edible mushrooms that carry the antigen tyrosinase and melanin, could influence the humoral anti-melanoma immune response.Levels of different immunoglobulin classes of anti-melanin and anti-tyrosinase antibodies varied depending on the presence and the stage of studied diseases. Besides, the statistically enhanced ratio of the percentages of granulocytes and percentage of lymphocytes, together with statistically decreased percentage of NK cells is found in analyzed melanoma patients.

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“…Only 50% of referrals were accompanied by a specific question of a lymphoproliferative disorder, suggesting that immunological lymphocyte typing has become part of the diagnostic process of various disease entities other than lymphoma. Numerous alterations of lymphocyte subsets have been reported in almost every conceivable disease state (4, 5, 9, 11–24, 26–37, 40, 44–46). Furthermore, blood lymphocytes may also be influenced by many conditions other than disease, including stress, smoking, sport, treatment with various drugs, and aging (4–6, 10,25,38,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunological lymphocyte subset typing is a widespread routine laboratory method to assess numbers and ratios of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Various alterations of blood lymphocyte subsets in almost every conceivable physiological and pathological condition have been described (1–34). So far, however, only in a minority of investigated diseases has lymphocyte subset typing proven to be of diagnostic or therapeutic relevance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of immunological lymphocyte subset typing as a screening method for lymphoid malignancies in daily routine practice

et al. 2000

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BACKGROUND The major diagnostic role of peripheral lymphocyte subset typing is to distinguish between malignant and reactive conditions. METHODS The present study evaluates the screening efficacy of flow cytometric lymphocyte subset typing for the presence of a lymphoid malignancy. Four hundred samples were analyzed with a combination of anti‐T‐, B‐, and natural killer (NK)‐cell monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty (55%) samples showed a normal distribution of lymphocyte subsets, 73 (18%) samples exhibited unspecific alterations of lymphocyte subsets, 19 (5%) samples exhibited a reactive phenotype typical of Epstein‐Barr virus/cytomegalovirus (EBV/CMV) infection, and 88 (22%) samples expressed a phenotype suggestive of lymphoma. The most predictive independent factor of a lymphoma‐specific phenotype was the absolute lymphocyte count (P = 0.0001, odds ratio 73.225). Seventy‐eight percent of samples containing ≥4 × 109/l lymphocytes and 2% of samples with lymphocyte counts <4 × 109/l exhibited a lymphoma‐specific phenotype. The specificity of the referring clinical comment was the second best predictor of a lymphoma‐specific typing outcome (P = 0.0001, odds ratio 19.589). The independent predictive values of lymphocyte morphology and of relative lymphocyte counts were of borderline significance. CONCLUSIONS The use of flow cytometric lymphocyte subset typing as a diagnostic screening method for lymphoma should be restricted to cases of unexplained elevation of absolute lymphocyte counts with or without morphological atypias and to cases with definite clinical symptoms of lymphoma. Cytometry (Comm. Clin. Cytometry) 42:5–10, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Reduced lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with advanced or disseminated melanoma

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

“First do no harm” and the importance of prediction in oncology

“First do no harm” and the importance of prediction in oncology

Immunity to melanin and to tyrosinase in melanoma patients, and in people with vitiligo

Role of immunological lymphocyte subset typing as a screening method for lymphoid malignancies in daily routine practice

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