Reduced Power in Fronto-Parietal Theta EEG Linked to Impaired Attention-Sampling in Adult ADHD

Cowley, Benjamin Ultan; Juurmaa, Kristiina; Palomäki, Jussi

doi:10.1523/eneuro.0028-21.2021

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This finding was confirmed by MPRAGE, which supported a reduction in the volume of the parietal lobes (Jacobson et al, 2018). Furthermore, EEG showed decreased parietal lobes activity (Cowley et al, 2020). Finally, interventional studies confirm these findings.…”

Section: Bilateral and Central Parietal Lobesupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Based on EEG results, less theta rhythm and more α rhythm are shown during the control of irrelevant visual stimuli (Bush et al, 2013;Cowley et al, 2020). However, boosting the right PPC through tDCS did not alter cognitive control (Salehinejad et al, 2020), so it is likely that increased right parietal cortex activity depends on increased left parietal cortex activity during irrelevant stimulus inhibition, indicating the role of bilateral parietal lobes in cognitive control (Berberat et al, 2021).…”

Section: Bilateral and Central Parietal Lobementioning

confidence: 99%

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Abnormal Structure and Function of Parietal Lobe in Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review Study

Nejati,

Ghayerin

2024

BCN

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Abnormal brain structure and function have been reported in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigated the parietal lobe structure and function alteration in individuals with ADHD. Methods:In this systematic review, we searched English papers in accordance with the PRISMA (the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) approach. Studies were published between January 2010 and May 2021. Our search was conducted in two parts. Our first search was in July 2020, and our final search was in June 2021. A literature search identified 20 empirical experiments.Results: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies generally reported low activity and poor connectivity; structural MRI studies reported less gray matter in this lobe, and an echo study reported atrophy. In addition, electroencephalographic studies reported less connectivity of the parietal lobes in ADHD. Furthermore, the transcranial direct current stimulation intervention has shown that activation of this lobe improves attention and executive functions in children with ADHD. Finally, a deep transcranial magnetic stimulation study has demonstrated that activation of this lobe improves working memory. Conclusion:Functional and structural alteration of the parietal cortex has been reported in ADHD, which has a causal relationship with cognitive impairments. In sum, all included studies reported abnormal structure, function, or connectivity of the parietal lobe or improvement of cognitive functions with parietal lobe stimulation.

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Section: Bilateral and Central Parietal Lobesupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Bilateral and Central Parietal Lobementioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Structure and Function of Parietal Lobe in Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review Study

Nejati,

Ghayerin

2024

BCN

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“…LRTCs are a characteristic feature of behavioral performance and healthy brain activity 59 while their aberrancies are a characteristic feature of many brain diseases. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] We investigated This shows that in ADHD, oscillation dynamics is altered across time scales from seconds to minutes, in addition to the previously found sub-second time scale abnormalities in alpha band for adult, 21,27,29 adolescent 60,61 and child ADHD patients, 30 and in theta- 62 and gamma-bands for adult ADHD. 20 These results are also in line with a recent study reporting intrinsic temporal variability in functional connectivity in ADHD patients 63 and show that aberrant temporal dynamics is also a characteristic of local neuronal processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is mild ADHD beneficial? Brain criticality peaks at intermediate ADHD symptom scores across the population

Hirvonen

Haque

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by involuntary fluctuations of attention in continuous performance tasks (CPTs) wherein attention must be sustained over long periods of time. The neuronal basis underlying aberrant attentional fluctuations in time scales from seconds to minutes have remained poorly understood. Neuronal alpha- and gamma-band oscillations are thought to implement attentional and top-down control of sensorimotor processing. We hypothesized that aberrant behavioral fluctuations in ADHD would be caused by aberrant endogenous brain dynamics in alpha and gamma-band oscillations and specifically by their aberrant long-range temporal correlations (LRTCs). We measured brain activity with magnetoencephalography (MEG) from adult participants diagnosed with ADHD (N = 19) and from healthy control subjects (N = 20) during resting state and two CPTs; a threshold stimulus detection task and a Go/NoGo task. We then estimated LRTCs of neuronal oscillations and behavioral fluctuations with detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). ADHD was associated with aberrant LRTCs in both behavioral performance and of neuronal oscillations. LRTCs were correlated with symptom severity with a U-shaped correlations indicating that the LRTCs were largest with moderate symptom scores. These data demonstrate the presence of aberrant temporal dynamics of neuronal oscillations in adult ADHD patients, which may underlie involuntary attentional fluctuations in ADHD. Taken that LRTCs are a hallmark of brain critical dynamics, these data show that moderate ADHD symptoms scores maximize brain criticality which is thought to be beneficial for performance.

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“… Cavaliere et al (2018) also observed that patients have predominant posterior theta activity. Theta activity is generally considered to reflect fundamental cognitive functions ( Biel et al, 2022 ; Cowley et al, 2022 ). An association between increased theta connectivity and cognitive dysfunction has been reported in some diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and schizophrenia ( Andreou et al, 2015 ; Iyer et al, 2020 ; Yan et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is frontoparietal electroencephalogram activity related to the level of functional disability in patients emerging from a minimally conscious state? A preliminary study

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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ObjectiveWhen regaining consciousness, patients who emerge from a minimally conscious state (EMCS) present with different levels of functional disability, which pose great challenges for treatment. This study investigated the frontoparietal activity in EMCS patients and its effects on functional disability.Materials and methodsIn this preliminary study, 12 EMCS patients and 12 healthy controls were recruited. We recorded a resting-state scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) for at least 5 min for each participant. Each patient was assessed using the disability rating scale (DRS) to determine the level of functional disability. We analyzed the EEG power spectral density and sensor-level functional connectivity in relation to the patient’s functional disability.ResultsIn the frontoparietal region, EMCS patients demonstrated lower relative beta power (P < 0.01) and higher weighted phase lag index (wPLI) values in the theta (P < 0.01) and gamma (P < 0.01) bands than healthy controls. The frontoparietal theta wPLI values of EMCS patients were positively correlated with the DRS scores (rs = 0.629, P = 0.029). At the whole-brain level, EMCS patients only had higher wPLI values in the theta band (P < 0.01) than healthy controls. The whole-brain theta wPLI values of EMCS patients were also positively correlated with the DRS scores (rs = 0.650, P = 0.022). No significant difference in the power and connectivity between the frontoparietal region and the whole brain in EMCS patients was observed.ConclusionEMCS patients still experience neural dysfunction, especially in the frontoparietal region. However, the theta connectivity in the frontoparietal region did not increase specifically. At the level of the whole brain, the same shift could also be seen. Theta functional connectivity in the whole brain may underlie different levels of functional disability.

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Reduced Power in Fronto-Parietal Theta EEG Linked to Impaired Attention-Sampling in Adult ADHD

Abstract: for data gathering; Otto Lappi, Alina Leminen and Eeva Palomäki for comments to the manuscript. Conflict of InterestAuthors report no conflict of interest 15. Funding sources This work was supported by the TEKES (presently Business Finland) grant number 440078.

Cited by 13 publications

References 82 publications

Abnormal Structure and Function of Parietal Lobe in Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review Study

Abnormal Structure and Function of Parietal Lobe in Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review Study

Is mild ADHD beneficial? Brain criticality peaks at intermediate ADHD symptom scores across the population

Is frontoparietal electroencephalogram activity related to the level of functional disability in patients emerging from a minimally conscious state? A preliminary study

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