Reduced Tillage Practices for the Southwestern US Peanut Production Region

Abstract

Oklahoma growers have increased their adoption of strip tillage (strip-till) and no tillage (notill) systems as a means of reducing production costs and conserving soil resources. An experiment was conducted over three years to study the effects of three tillage systems [(conventional till (CT), no-till (NT), and strip-till (ST)] on pod yield, peanut grade, pest pressure, and economic profitability. Insect, disease, and weed incidence were determined in each year of the study. Peanut yield and grade were determined by mechanically harvesting the plot. No consistent differences were detected between NT and CT in peanut grade or yield when tillage systems were combined across years. In addition, no consistent differences were observed in disease incidence and insect populations. Economic analysis indicated that the NT system saved $93 ha 21 and generated $179 ha 21 more revenue compared to the CT system. Reduced tillage practices, especially NT, seem to be a good fit for SW peanut production areas.

Características agronômicas de seis cultivares de amendoim cultivadas em sistema convencional e de semeadura direta

“…Ressalta-se, ainda, que Bolonhezi et al (2005) afirmaram que a produção de grãos de amendoim no sistema plantio direto sobre palhada de cana-de-açúcar, foi 30% superior à cultivada no sistema convencional, mesmo com redução na população final de plantas, provavelmente em consequência da atenuação dos efeitos da deficiência hídrica proporcionada pela manutenção de palha na superfície do solo. Além dos componentes de produção, Godsey et al (2011) relatam que o sistema de semeadura direta supera em US$ 179 a receita de produção quando comparado ao sistema convencional de manejo de solo.…”

An integrated analysis of non‐renewable energy use, GHG emissions, carbon efficiency of groundnut sole cropping and groundnut‐bean intercropping agro‐ecosystems

“…It is essential to apply both energy and cost-efficient cultivation methods of conservation tillage systems, including no tillage (no-till) and strip tillage (strip-till). Research results have shown no consistent difference between groundnut yields in conventional till and no-till method of cultivation in some cases [61].…”

“…Results showed that the diesel fuel had the highest share of the non-renewable energy input in groundnut sole cropping (43.15%) and groundnut-bean intercrop (54.99%) agro-ecosystems. Research results have shown no consistent difference between groundnut yields in conventional till and no-till method of cultivation in some cases [61]. Many agronomical operations for groundnut and groundnut-bean intercropping agroecosystems within the region are based on the farmers' experiences.…”

“…The GHG emissions of diesel fuel for sole groundnut and groundnut-bean intercrop agroecosystems were determined as 430.04 and 514.19 kgCO 2 eq ha 21 , respectively. Therefore, due to better energy and water use efficiencies of conservation tillage systems such as reduced tillage (strip till) and no till (zero till), they may be useful in lowering fuel consumption; tillage systems that have increasingly been adopted in some peanut growing regions [61]. The widespread use of fossil fuels within the current energy infrastructure is considered as the largest source of anthropogenic emissions of CO 2 , and is predominantly blamed for global warming and climate change (Demirbas and Balat, 2009).…”

“…Conventional tillage systems and inter-row weeding operations with power tiller operated rotavator accounts for most of diesel fuel consumption within these farming systems. Therefore, due to better energy and water use efficiencies of conservation tillage systems such as reduced tillage (strip till) and no till (zero till), they may be useful in lowering fuel consumption; tillage systems that have increasingly been adopted in some peanut growing regions [61]. Koga et al [66] showed that, generally, under reduced tillage systems; 47.5 L ha 21 , diesel fuel equivalent to 125.4 kg CO 2 ha 21 could be reduced compared to the conventional tillage system for winter wheat, sugar beet, potato, and adzuki bean production in Northern Japan.…”