Reduction of Automobile Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Elalem, Abdelati; El‐Bourawi, Mohamed S.

doi:10.1007/s12289-010-0857-2

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Subcompact cars require smaller amounts of metal ores and other materials for their production. Moreover, reduced weight is reflected in lower fuel consumption and lower CO 2 emissions compared to larger and heavier cars (Elalem and EL‐Bourawi ; Zervas and Lazarou ). Another example includes miniaturization in the computer, electronic, and optical products sector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economy‐wide Material Flow Indicators on a Sectoral Level and Strategies for Decreasing Material Inputs of Sectors

Kovanda

Weinzettel

2016

J of Industrial Ecology

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SummaryThe article presents a method for the calculation of selected economy-wide material flow indicators (namely, direct material input [DMI] and raw material input [RMI]) for economic sectors. Whereas sectoral DMI was calculated using direct data from statistics, we applied a concept of total flows and a hybrid input-output life cycle assessment method to calculate sectoral RMI. We calculated the indicators for the Czech Republic for 2000-2011. We argue that DMI of economic sectors can be used for policies aiming at decreasing the direct input of extracted raw materials, and imported raw materials and products, whereas sectoral RMI can be better used for justifying support for or weakening the role of individual sectors within the economy. High-input material flows are associated in the Czech Republic with the extractive industries (agriculture and forestry, the mining of fossil fuels [FFs], other types of mining, and quarrying), with several manufacturing industries (manufacturing of beverages, basic metals, motor vehicles or electricity, and gas and steam supply) and with construction. Viable options for reducing inputs of agricultural biomass include changes in people's diet toward a lower amount of animal-based food and a decrease in the wasting of food. For FFs, one should think of changing the structure of total primary energy supply toward cleaner gaseous and renewable energy sources, innovations in transportation systems, and improvements in overall energy efficiency. For metal ores, viable options include technological changes leading to smaller and lighter products, as well as consistent recycling and use of secondary metals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economy‐wide Material Flow Indicators on a Sectoral Level and Strategies for Decreasing Material Inputs of Sectors

Kovanda

Weinzettel

2016

J of Industrial Ecology

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“…[1][2][3][4] At a conference organized by the German Institute of Automotive Engineering (IAV) in Iriyama in 2014, 5 the representative of Toyota Motor Corporation presented the company's strategy for reduction of fuel consumption to comply with increasingly stringent CO 2 emission limits. The strategy is based on reducing heat loss from vehicles, primarily through use of automotive thermoelectric generators (ATEGs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Test Bed Analysis of Gas Energy Balance for a Diesel Exhaust System Fit with a Thermoelectric Generator

Fuć

Lijewski

Ziółkowski

et al. 2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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Analysis of the energy balance for an exhaust system of a diesel engine fit with an automotive thermoelectric generator (ATEG) of our own design has been carried out. A special measurement system and dedicated software were developed to measure the power generated by the modules. The research object was a 1.3-l small diesel engine with power output of 66 kW. The tests were carried out on a dynamic engine test bed that allows reproduction of an actual driving cycle expressed as a function V = f(t), simulating drivetrain (clutch, transmission) operating characteristics, vehicle geometrical parameters, and driver behavior. Measurements of exhaust gas thermodynamic parameters (temperature, pressure, and mass flow) as well as the voltage and current generated by the thermoelectric modules were performed during tests of our own design. Based on the results obtained, the flow of exhaust gas energy in the entire exhaust system was determined along with the ATEG power output. The ideal area of the exhaust system for location of the ATEG was defined to ensure the highest thermal energy recovery efficiency.

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“…Most of the chemical energy contained in the fuel is drained through both the cooling system, as well as in the form of heat and pressure in exhaust gases [15]. There is a large potential for heat energy recovery from exhaust gases, as its share in the energy balance for SI engines can constitute as much as 45%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automotive Thermoelectric Generator impact on the efficiency of a drive system with a combustion engine

Ziółkowski

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Increasing the combustion engine drive systems efficiency is currently being achieved by structural changes in internal combustion engines and its equipment, which are geared towards limiting mechanical, thermal and outlet losses. For this reason, downsizing. In addition to these changes, all manner of exhaust gas energy recovery systems are being investigated and implemented, including turbocompound, turbogenerators and thermoelectric generators. The article presents the author's idea of a thermoelectric generator system of automotive applications ATEG (Automotive Thermoelectric Generator) and the study of the recovery of exhaust gas energy stream. The ATEG consists of a heat exchanger, thermoelectric modules and a cooling system. In this solution, 24 commercial thermoelectric modules based on Bi 2 Te 3 (bismuth telluride) were used. Measurements were made at two engine test sites on which SI and CI engines were installed. The exhaust gas parameters (temperature and mass flow rate), fuel consumption and operating parameters of the ATEG -the intensity and the voltage generated by the thermoelectric modules and the temperature on the walls of the heat exchanger -were all measured in the experiments. Based on the obtained results, the exhaust gas energy flow and the power of the ATEG were determined as well as its effect on the diesel engine drive system efficiency.

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Reduction of Automobile Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Abstract: The automotive industry is one of the major manufacture sectors in developed nations. It accounts for almost 5% of total manufacture value of industrialized countries such as USA, Japan, France and England.

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Economy‐wide Material Flow Indicators on a Sectoral Level and Strategies for Decreasing Material Inputs of Sectors

Economy‐wide Material Flow Indicators on a Sectoral Level and Strategies for Decreasing Material Inputs of Sectors

Dynamic Test Bed Analysis of Gas Energy Balance for a Diesel Exhaust System Fit with a Thermoelectric Generator

Automotive Thermoelectric Generator impact on the efficiency of a drive system with a combustion engine

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