Reduction of growth and reproduction of Cyperus esculentus by specific crops

Abstract

Summary: To assess the potential contribution of growing highly competitive crops to control Cyperus esculentus in the Netherlands, the influence of silage maize, hemp, winter barley and silage winter rye on emergence, growth and reproduction of this weed was studied in two field experiments. Growth and reproduction of C. esculentus (determined both as tuber production per plant and density of the weed in the subseuent crop maize) was reduced by each crop, compared to plots in which no crop was grown. In hemp, hardly any tuber production was observed. By growing a green manure crop after harvest of the winter barley the tuber production of the weed was reduced to about 40% of that in winter barley followed by fallow. Decreasing the light regime in a greenhouse experiment in the same order as was observed in the crops winter barley, maize and hemp, caused a similar reduction of tuber production to that found in the field. Therefore, it is suggested that competition for light is the main factor explaining the observed crop effects on the population dynamics of the weed. It is concluded that growing competitive crops as hemp in rotation may effectively complement chemical control of C. esculentus.

Characterisation of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) roots under different growing conditions

“…The latter aspect is important to evaluate the potential of hemp as a sustainable crop, in particular regarding its contribution to increase carbon sink into the soil. Hemp is considered a sustainable crop for energy production (Biewinga and Bijl 1996), it is a good precedent crop for wheat productivity (Bocsa and Karus 1998;Gorchs et al 2000) and it efficiently suppresses weeds without the need for chemical treatments (Lotz et al 1991;Berger 1969). The sustainability of the whole production chain, from cultivation to the realisation of end products, is a challenging target in agriculture (Kirchmann and Thorvaldsson 2000).…”

Potential of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) genotypes to suppress weeds

“…In Canada, hemp is successfully grown with the aim of controlling thistles (Cirsium arvense L.), and attempts to control couch grass (Elytrigia repens L.) were also mentioned. In the Netherlands, hemp was mentioned among the most efficient crops in yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) control (Lotz et al, 1991). However, wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Löve), common wild oat (Avena fatua L.), colza (Brassica napus L.), goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.) and some other plants are considered as problematic weeds in hemp crops (Hemp Agronomy..., 2006).…”

Geïntegreerde bestrijding van knolcyperus : Resultaten van een literatuurstudie naar alternatieven voor monam

“…Deze knolcyperus werd waarschijnlijk door import van besmette partijen gladiolen uit de V.S. geïntroduceerd (Lotz et al 1991, Groenendael et al 1988, Rotteveel en Naber, 1988. De soort heeft zich vervolgens gevestigd in akker-en bollenland.…”

“…Van de onderzochte gewassen zijn er een aantal geschikt voor de Nederlandse klimatologische omstandigheden (maïs, vezelhennep, wintergerst en winterrogge). Knolcyperus kan zich in al deze gewassen vermeerderen, maar heeft in vezelhennep de meeste moeite (Lotz et al, 1991). In vergelijking met het braken van het land kan een gewas het aantal rhizomen tot 50% reduceren (Lotz et al, 1991).…”

“…Knolcyperus kan zich in al deze gewassen vermeerderen, maar heeft in vezelhennep de meeste moeite (Lotz et al, 1991). In vergelijking met het braken van het land kan een gewas het aantal rhizomen tot 50% reduceren (Lotz et al, 1991). Knolcyperus is een C4 soort die veel licht nodig heeft voor een optimale groei (Rotteveel en Naber, 1988).…”