Refueling Infrastructure Scoping and Feasibility Assessment for Hydrogen Rail Applications

Ehrhart, Brian David; Anleu, Gabriela Bran; Mohmand, Jamal; Baird, Austin; Klebanoff, Leonard E.

doi:10.2172/1825638

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…An alternative method of transferring the LH 2 is to use a pressure-build loop, in which a certain amount of liquid hydrogen is evaporated and then returns as gaseous hydrogen to the top of the tank, pressurizing it enough to drive the flow. This method does not require power, does not involve moving parts, but increases the pressure and heat content of the storage tank, thus increasing overall boil-off losses [58].…”

Section: Liquid Hydrogen Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

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An Extensive Review of Liquid Hydrogen in Transportation with Focus on the Maritime Sector

Ustolin

Campari

Taccani

2022

JMSE

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The European Green Deal aims to transform the EU into a modern, resource-efficient, and competitive economy. The REPowerEU plan launched in May 2022 as part of the Green Deal reveals the willingness of several countries to become energy independent and tackle the climate crisis. Therefore, the decarbonization of different sectors such as maritime shipping is crucial and may be achieved through sustainable energy. Hydrogen is potentially clean and renewable and might be chosen as fuel to power ships and boats. Hydrogen technologies (e.g., fuel cells for propulsion) have already been implemented on board ships in the last 20 years, mainly during demonstration projects. Pressurized tanks filled with gaseous hydrogen were installed on most of these vessels. However, this type of storage would require enormous volumes for large long-range ships with high energy demands. One of the best options is to store this fuel in the cryogenic liquid phase. This paper initially introduces the hydrogen color codes and the carbon footprints of the different production techniques to effectively estimate the environmental impact when employing hydrogen technologies in any application. Afterward, a review of the implementation of liquid hydrogen (LH2) in the transportation sector including aerospace and aviation industries, automotive, and railways is provided. Then, the focus is placed on the maritime sector. The aim is to highlight the challenges for the adoption of LH2 technologies on board ships. Different aspects were investigated in this study, from LH2 bunkering, onboard utilization, regulations, codes and standards, and safety. Finally, this study offers a broad overview of the bottlenecks that might hamper the adoption of LH2 technologies in the maritime sector and discusses potential solutions.

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Section: Liquid Hydrogen Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large-sized cryogenic tanks, high-capacity cryo-pumps, hose connectors, and super-insulated piping are not commercially available, meaning that custom components would be needed for initial demonstration projects. Hence, the costs and layouts of these refueling facilities should be viewed with great uncertainty [58].…”

Section: Railway Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Extensive Review of Liquid Hydrogen in Transportation with Focus on the Maritime Sector

Ustolin

Campari

Taccani

2022

JMSE

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“…In recent years, governments and major companies have taken significant strides toward investing in the development of new methods and processes of producing, storing, and transferring liquid hydrogen (LH2) for energy-dense applications. Of particular interest are the needs of the transportation sector including personal mobility on land and in the air as well as heavy-duty machines, with electric or combustion power trains, for ships, aircraft, ferry boats, mining tractors, and rail [1][2][3]. Developing new methods and processes for storing and transferring LH2 is vital to establishing LH2 as the primary energy carrier for at-scale renewables and heavy-duty applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile hydrogen liquefaction and storage system

Glenn,

Kim,

Coleman

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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A mobile hydrogen liquefaction and storage unit has been developed to demonstrate the liquid hydrogen (LH2) value chain including hydrogen production, liquefaction, storage, transfer, and recovery. This unique LH2 technology demonstrator, or LS20 mobile system, is one of the primary systems for a multipurpose LH2 test platform that evaluates liquefaction, controlled storage, and zero-loss transfer (ZLT) methodologies. The LS20 system has been designed, fabricated, and tested at GenH2. The primary subsystems include an electrolyzer option, gas precooler, Ortho-Para hydrogen converter, cryocooler-based hydrogen liquefier, portable LH2 storage tank, ultralight LH2 vehicle tank for aviation application, safety devices and sensors, automated venting system, associated sensors, instrumentation, and control system. The system was successfully demonstrated by continuous hydrogen liquefaction according to the design specification with the help of an automated control system to maintain the liquid at a desired level without boiloff loss. In addition to liquefaction and controlled storage, the functions of zero-loss transfer, boiloff gas recovery, and re-liquefaction were also demonstrated. The results provide proof-of-concept data for future LH2 infrastructure design as well as the critical LH2 refilling and servicing methodology for many hydrogen mobility applications. The system design, fabrication, operational methodology, and test performance results are discussed.

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Challenges and potential solutions of liquid hydrogen technologies

Sleiti,

Al-ammari

2024

Design and Analysis of Liquid Hydrogen Technologies

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Refueling Infrastructure Scoping and Feasibility Assessment for Hydrogen Rail Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

An Extensive Review of Liquid Hydrogen in Transportation with Focus on the Maritime Sector

An Extensive Review of Liquid Hydrogen in Transportation with Focus on the Maritime Sector

Mobile hydrogen liquefaction and storage system

Challenges and potential solutions of liquid hydrogen technologies

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