Regional distribution of immunoreactive endothelin in porcine tissue: Abundance in inner medulla of kidney

Kïtamura, Kazuo; Tanaka, Tomoko; Kato, Jun; Eto, Tanenao; Tanaka, Kenjiro

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(89)91603-3

Cited by 156 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We have already established a sensitive RIA system monitormg human AM (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) which IS generated from adrenomedullin by trypsm digestion [ 11. Using this RIA coupled with trypsm digestion, we started purification of porcine AM from adrenal medulla.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AM (l-12), AM (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), AM (45-52)NH2 and AM (45-52)COOH were synthesized by the sohd phase method with a peptlde synthesizer (430A, Applied Blosystems), and punfied by reverse-phase hlgh-performance hqmd chromatography (HPLC) Human AM was prepared by solid-phase methods by PeptIde Inc (Osaka, Japan) 2 2 Raduxmmunoassay (RIA) for AM RIA for AM was performed as described [l] An RIA sample contammg 20 pg of bovme serum albumin (BSA) was Incubated v&h 1 pug trypsm (Worthmgton) m 100 ,ul of 0 1 M NH,HCO, for 2 h at 37°C The RIA mcubatlon mixture consisted of 100 ,uI of AM (1-12) or unknown sample solution, 50 ~1 of antiserum against AM (1-12) at a ddutlon of 1 16,000 and 50~1 of 'Z51-labclled AM (1-12) (18,000 cpm), which was prepared by the lactoperoxidase method [3] After mcubatlon for 24 h, free and bound tracers were separated by the polyethyleneglycol method RadIoactIvIty m the pellet was counted with a gamma counter (ARC-600, Aloka), and assays were performed m duphcate at 4°C…”

Section: Peptldesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complete amino acid sequence of porcine adrenomedullin and cloning of cDNA encoding its precursor

Kïtamura¹,

et al. 1994

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Porcine adrenomedulhn was Isolated from adrenal medulla extract and its ammo acid sequence was determmed The peptlde 1s ldentlcal to human adrenomedulhn with a single replacement of Gly for Asn at posltlon 40 The cDNA clone encoding the porcme adrenomedulhn precursor was Isolated and sequenced The precursor for adrenomedulhn (preproadrenomedulhn) 1s 188 ammo acids m length, mcludmg the adrenomedulhn sequence, followed by a glycme (the arnlde donor) In ad&on to adrenomedulhn, proadrenomedulhn (proAM) contains a candidate for a unique 20-residue peptlde, proAM-N20, whose carboxy-terminus may be amldated By RNA blot analysis, porcine adrenomedulhn mRNA was found to be highly expressed m several porcme tissues mcludmg lung and kidney as well as adrenal medulla

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Peptldesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete amino acid sequence of porcine adrenomedullin and cloning of cDNA encoding its precursor

Kïtamura¹,

et al. 1994

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“…In the lung, ET-binding sites have been detected in vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle, nerves, and alveolar septa (26)(27)(28)(29). Radioimmunoassays (RIA) have revealed high ET concentrations in porcine and rat lung (30,31) and in canine pulmonary epithelial cell cultures (32). The peptide and its mRNA have been demonstrated in airway epithelial cells (33,34), which were, however, not further characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelin in normal lung tissue of newborn mammals: immunocytochemical distribution and co-localization with serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide.

Seldeslagh¹,

Lauweryns²

1993

J Histochem Cytochem.

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We demonstrated immunoreactivity for endothelins (ET)-1, -2, and -3 and for the precursor, big-ET-1, in the pulmonary &se neuroendocrine system (PDNES) of newbom cat, rat, hamster, and mouse. ET-& positive neuroepithelial bodies (NEB) were numerous in the intrapulmonary airways and the alveolar parenchyma. Single neuroendocrine c e l l s (NEC) were less often labeled and mainly localized in the larger bronchi. ET+rea&ve neuronal elements were rarely observed. The intensity and number of iaununostained NEB were highest for ET-3, followed in declining order by big-ET-1, ET-1, and ET-2. ET-like possessing NEB displayed interspecies Merences. We conclude that ET-3 represents a neuroendocrine form of the ET peptide family. NEB expressing several ET isoforms can be grouped into NEB contain-

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“…3 Despite its importance in the cardiovascular system, ET plays an even larger role in regulating renal function and injury. This is because the kidneys are exquisitely sensitive to ET-1 (up to 10-fold more than are other organs 4 ) and because the components of the ET system are widely distributed throughout the kidney; ET-1 is present in the renal microvasculature, in all types of glomerular cells, and in the tubules (the renal medulla contains the highest ET-1 levels in the body 5 ). Thus, it is no surprise that ET-1 has such a key role in regulating renal hemodynamics, salt and water homeostasis, and acid-base balance 6 and in modulating cell proliferation, extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Endothelin Antagonists in Diabetic Nephropathy

Chandrashekar¹,

Juncos

2014

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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The pivotal discovery of endothelin (ET) by Yanagisawa and colleagues 1 in 1988 generated wide interest in this peptide, as evidenced by the nearly 27,000 articles published to date that have examined its role in biology. ET is now recognized as essential to the function of various organs and metabolic processes. 2 The ET family consists of three 21-amino acid peptides-ET-1 (ubiquitous and most biologically active), ET-2, and ET-3-that exert their actions via two receptor subtypes: ET A and ET B 2 . Activation of these receptors usually, but not always, incites opposing actions; an additional consideration is that the ET B receptor also acts as a clearance receptor. 3 Consequently, the effects of ET can vary among different organs depending on the amount being formed and on the receptor subtypes present. For instance, in the cardiovascular system ET induces vasoconstriction and growth via ET A receptors and vasodilation and growth inhibition via ET B receptors. 1,3 The net effect results in an increase in systemic vascular resistance and BP. This potentially injurious effect is augmented by ET's ability to stimulate growth factors and cytokines, which induce neutrophil adhesion, platelet aggregation, and formation of extracellular matrix protein. 3 Together, these actions can precipitate a vicious cycle that accelerates hypertension and atherosclerosisinduced vascular disease. 3 Despite its importance in the cardiovascular system, ET plays an even larger role in regulating renal function and injury. This is because the kidneys are exquisitely sensitive to ET-1 (up to 10-fold more than are other organs 4 ) and because the components of the ET system are widely distributed throughout the kidney; ET-1 is present in the renal microvasculature, in all types of glomerular cells, and in the tubules (the renal medulla contains the highest ET-1 levels in the body 5 ). Thus, it is no surprise that ET-1 has such a key role in regulating renal hemodynamics, salt and water homeostasis, and acid-base balance 6 and in modulating cell proliferation, extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. 7 Consequently, any abnormality in the intrarenal ET system may result in renal dysfunction (e.g., salt sensitivity) and/or injury. Indeed, ET may participate in the progression of renal injury during obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. 7 Because most of the deleterious effects of ET-1 appear to be mediated through the ET A receptors, this receptor has become an attractive therapeutic target in various forms of cardiovascular and renal diseases, such as diabetes. 3 Diabetic nephropathy is an attractive target for ET-1 blockade because several lines of evidence implicate ET in this disease. First, the synthesis and/or effects of ET-1 are increased in response to hyperglycemia, hypertensive glomerular injury, and insulin, 8 which results in increased renal expression and systemic circulatory levels of ET-1 in experimental and clinical diabetes. 9,10 Second, abnormalities in the ET system are present in the renal areas tar...

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Regional distribution of immunoreactive endothelin in porcine tissue: Abundance in inner medulla of kidney

Cited by 156 publications

References 2 publications

Complete amino acid sequence of porcine adrenomedullin and cloning of cDNA encoding its precursor

Complete amino acid sequence of porcine adrenomedullin and cloning of cDNA encoding its precursor

Endothelin in normal lung tissue of newborn mammals: immunocytochemical distribution and co-localization with serotonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide.

Endothelin Antagonists in Diabetic Nephropathy

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