Regional heterogeneity and gene flow maintain variance in a quantitative trait within populations of lodgepole pine

Yeaman, Sam; Jarvis, Andy

doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3498

Cited by 99 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The genetic differentiation and diversity of the potentially adaptive SNPs reflect the environmental variability of these areas ( Figure 3C), which supports the view that there should be a correlation between the within-population genetic variation at adaptive traits and the environmental heterogeneity at the regional scale (Yeaman and Jarvis 2006;. However, it must be noted that most of the statistical approaches currently used to identify loci related to local adaptation (including those employed herein) assume that their alleles exhibit antagonistic pleiotropy (e.g., De Mita et al 2013; see review in Tiffin and Ross-Ibarra 2014), that is, that their variants are beneficial in particular regions of the species range and deleterious elsewhere.…”

Section: Geographic Extent Of Snp-climate Associations and Modes Of Asupporting

confidence: 76%

Molecular Proxies for Climate Maladaptation in a Long-Lived Tree (Pinus pinasterAiton, Pinaceae)

et al. 2014

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Understanding adaptive genetic responses to climate change is a main challenge for preserving biological diversity. Successful predictive models for climate-driven range shifts of species depend on the integration of information on adaptation, including that derived from genomic studies. Long-lived forest trees can experience substantial environmental change across generations, which results in a much more prominent adaptation lag than in annual species. Here, we show that candidate-gene SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) can be used as predictors of maladaptation to climate in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton), an outcrossing long-lived keystone tree. A set of 18 SNPs potentially associated with climate, 5 of them involving amino acid-changing variants, were retained after performing logistic regression, latent factor mixed models, and Bayesian analyses of SNP-climate correlations. These relationships identified temperature as an important adaptive driver in maritime pine and highlighted that selective forces are operating differentially in geographically discrete gene pools. The frequency of the locally advantageous alleles at these selected loci was strongly correlated with survival in a common garden under extreme (hot and dry) climate conditions, which suggests that candidate-gene SNPs can be used to forecast the likely destiny of natural forest ecosystems under climate change scenarios. Differential levels of forest decline are anticipated for distinct maritime pine gene pools. Geographically defined molecular proxies for climate adaptation will thus critically enhance the predictive power of range-shift models and help establish mitigation measures for long-lived keystone forest trees in the face of impending climate change.KEYWORDS climate adaptation; environmental associations; genetic lineages; single nucleotide polymorphisms; fitness estimates P AST and present climate changes are major drivers of species displacements and range-size variation (Hughes 2000;Franks and Hoffmann 2012). Current predictions indicate that the impact of climate change will intensify over the next 20-100 years (Loarie et al. 2009;Bellard et al. 2012), with concomitant phenotypic and genetic effects on wild populations (Gamache and Payette 2004;Franks and Hoffmann 2012;Alberto et al. 2013a). The capability of species to respond to such alterations will rely on phenotypic plasticity, potential for in situ adaptation, and/or migration to more suitable habitats (Aitken et al. 2008). While phenotypic plasticity and migration might be insufficient to cope with these changes (Mclachlan et al. 2005;Malcom et al. 2011;Zhu et al. 2011), successful in situ adaptation will depend on the amount of standing genetic variation and the rate at which new alleles arise, are maintained, and/or get to fixation within populations (Hancock et al. 2011). Thus, our ability to detect present adaptive polymorphisms and to integrate them in predictive models of future maladaptation might be decisive to ensure the persistence of natural p...

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Section: Geographic Extent Of Snp-climate Associations and Modes Of Asupporting

confidence: 76%

Molecular Proxies for Climate Maladaptation in a Long-Lived Tree (Pinus pinasterAiton, Pinaceae)

et al. 2014

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“…Finally, the higher vegetative success of invasive genotypes in North American natural conditions and the high phenotypic differentiation occurring between adjacent populations suggest that North Amer- ican populations of reed canarygrass currently experience selection pressures. The fact that spatially variable selection pressures are coupled with high gene flow (as indicated by low F st ) has likely maintained high genetic variance and high evolutionary potential within invasive populations (31). Thus, the most likely scenario is multiple introductions and extensive recombination of reed canarygrass' European strains promoting the rapid evolution of invasive ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass

Lavergne

Molofsky

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

835

857

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Despite the increasing biological and economic impacts of invasive species, little is known about the evolutionary mechanisms that favor geographic range expansion and evolution of invasiveness in introduced species. Here, we focus on the invasive wetland grass Phalaris arundinacea L. and document the evolutionary consequences that resulted from multiple and uncontrolled introductions into North America of genetic material native to different European regions. Continental-scale genetic variation occurring in reed canarygrass' European range has been reshuffled and recombined within North American introduced populations, giving rise to a number of novel genotypes. This process alleviated genetic bottlenecks throughout reed canarygrass' introduced range, including in peripheral populations, where depletion of genetic diversity is expected and is observed in the native range. Moreover, reed canarygrass had higher genetic diversity and heritable phenotypic variation in its invasive range relative to its native range. The resulting high evolutionary potential of invasive populations allowed for rapid selection of genotypes with higher vegetative colonization ability and phenotypic plasticity. Our results show that repeated introductions of a single species may inadvertently create harmful invaders with high adaptive potential. Such invasive species may be able to evolve in response to changing climate, allowing them to have increasing impact on native communities and ecosystems in the future. More generally, multiple immigration events may thus trigger future adaptation and geographic spread of a species population by preventing genetic bottlenecks and generating genetic novelties through recombination.biological invasion ͉ genotypic diversity ͉ multiple immigration ͉ range expansion ͉ phenotypic plasticity

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“…Note that forest trees, with their clear-cut life stages and long life cycle, are rather well-suited for such an approach. The studies cited above prove that genetic diversity at the allelic, genotypic, multilocus or trait level is associated to environmental heterogeneity (Yeaman and Jarvis 2006). Detailed knowledge on how the environment varies in space and time is often lacking at fine spatial scales, and we may miss major relationships between genetic and environmental heterogeneity just because we have characterised the former but not the latter.…”

Section: How Much Selection?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years of genetic studies: what to make of the large amounts of variation found within populations?

González‐Martínez¹,

Budde

Lalagüe

2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Regional heterogeneity and gene flow maintain variance in a quantitative trait within populations of lodgepole pine

Cited by 99 publications

References 60 publications

Molecular Proxies for Climate Maladaptation in a Long-Lived Tree (Pinus pinasterAiton, Pinaceae)

Molecular Proxies for Climate Maladaptation in a Long-Lived Tree (Pinus pinasterAiton, Pinaceae)

Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass

Fifty years of genetic studies: what to make of the large amounts of variation found within populations?

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